1. Introduction
Charles Frederick Goldie (1870-1947) was a NZ artist best known for his portraits of Māori. He was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal and appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to art in New Zealand in 1935. His work has received notoriety with newspaper reports documenting record-shattering prices, thefts, vandalism and forgeries.
Charles Frederick Goldie (1870-1947)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
`All 'e Same t'e Pakeha' [Te Aho-o-te-Rangi Wharepu, Ngãti Mahuta]
Dunedin Public Art Gallery
C.F. Goldie
Kete Horowhenua
Charles Frederick Goldie
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
2. EARLY YEARS: 1870-1898
Goldie was born in Auckland on 20 October 1870, the second of eight children. His mother Maria Partington (c.1845-1938) was the daughter of Charles Frederick Partington who built the landmark Auckland windmill. His father David Goldie (1842-1926) was a timber merchant who became a Member of Parliament for Auckland West (1879, 1887-90) and Newton (1890-91); and then Mayor of Auckland (1898 - 1901).
(a) ARTISTIC INFLUENCES during school
Goldie's mother was an amateur artist who encouraged his artistic ability
Auckland Libraries
Goldie entered Auckland Grammar School (1883) & studied art
Auckland Libraries
Aged 13 years, showed paintings at Sunday School exhibition, 1883
National Library of New Zealand
Entered Industrial Exhibition, 1884
National Library of New Zealand
Annual NZ Arts Students' Association
National Library of New Zealand
Annual Auckland Society of Arts
National Library of New Zealand
(B) ON leaving school - worked & studied Art part-time
Studied art part-time with tutor Louis John Steele
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Exhibited at Auckland Society of Arts, March 1891
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Academy of Art, 1891 - hung the exhibits
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Academy of Arts, Dec 1891 & Sydney, 1892
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Academy of Arts - Honorary secretary, 1892
National Library of New Zealand
The Academy included Goldie's first recorded Māori portrait, Dec 1892
National Library of New Zealand
To view the portrait of Hone Kawhena, see: International Art Centre
Description of first Māori portrait (Hone Kawhena)
Radio New Zealand
At age 22 enrolled at Académie Julian & École des Beaux-Arts, July 1893 - Jan 1898
National Library of New Zealand
(c) Studied in PAris: July 1893 - JAn 1898
In July 1893, at the age of 22, Goldie enrolled at the Académie Julian in Paris where he studied until Jan 1898. For further details about Goldie's studies in Paris and subsequent work in NZ, see Papers Past which has an article written by H.P. Sealy, "In the studio: Mr C. F. Goldie's work" In:The New Zealand illustrated magazine (Nov 1901), pp. 144-149.
Visited Louvre, the Italian Galleries and elsewhere
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Sent paintings to Auckland Society of Arts exhibition, 1894
National Library of New Zealand
Painted portrait inscribed 'A mon cher Roland, Paris 96'
Alexander Turnbull Library
Visited by brother William who was studying medicine at Edinburgh and interested in anthropology
Victoria University of Wellington
Won Académie gold medal in 1896
National Library of New Zealand
Caricature self-portrait from a photograph (c.1898)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Caricature self-portrait drawn on letter from Paris
Alexander Turnbull Library
Voyaged home from Paris on the Waihora
National Library of New Zealand
3. Shared AUCKLAND STUDIO WITH STEELE, 1898
Painting by Steele "Maori figures looking across an estuary" c.1899
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Advert for French Academy of Art classes at their studio, 1899
National Library of New Zealand
Advert for their Fine Art Exhibition, 1899
National Library of New Zealand
Father David built 2-storey Victorian villa (1900) in which Goldie also had a studio
Auckland Libraries
4. EXPLORING anthropological and Māori issues
As described by Te Ara, "Goldie was following a path established by Steele's Maori history paintings and portraits of tattooed chiefs. Another influence was his brother William, who as a medical student in Edinburgh had begun clipping news items of anthropological interest. In 1901 William published an article in which he contradicted predictions that Maori were dying out. When William died in 1904 Charles continued to collect newspaper writings on Maori issues, including those of the journalist and historian James Cowan." For information about William Goldie, see Papers Past and the Community Archive.
Collaborative painting by Goldie & Steele exhibited Auckland Society of Arts (1899)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Palette used by Goldie for the painting
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Through brother William's influence, Goldie interested in anthropology
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Goldie met writer & historian James Cowan
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Cowan introduced Goldie to Patara Te Tuhi in 1901
National Library of New Zealand
5. Branching out on OWn
(a) AT work - in own Auckland studio
Goldie in his studio in Hobson's Buildings, 1900
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
[Goldie in His Studio ...]
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Goldie's studio featured in 'New Zealand Illustrated Magazine' article, 1901
National Library of New Zealand
Studio interior (1)
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Four of Goldie's students won prizes, 1900
National Library of New Zealand
K. M. Ballantyne was pupil of Goldie
Victoria University of Wellington
Supported fundraising for Auckland Art Gallery, 1903
National Library of New Zealand
Sitters sat draped in a cloak or a blanket and velvet
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Paintings in the European tradition also produced by Goldie
National Library of New Zealand
(b) At work - Board & Committee member
Auckland Society of Arts committee, 1901 - 04
Alexander Turnbull Library
Goldie's father (Auckland Mayor) was Vice-President
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Art Gallery Board
Alexander Turnbull Library
(c) AT WORK - FIELD TRIPS to marae
Visited Rotorua in 1901 & 1906-7 to meet, photograph & sketch Māori
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Goldie stayed on marae & learnt fluent Māori
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Combing whiskers of sitter
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Back at work in studio
National Library of New Zealand
Manuscript notes on paintings
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
6. Captured marae Scenes on camera
[Marae doorway with extensive carving]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
[Close up of a carving]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
[Carvings at a Marae]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
[A woman weaving flax]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
[Portrait, Maori woman in white blouse]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
[Te Rerehau Kahotea and her grandson Rongomaiwhiti Tamaira]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
[Study, hands]
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
7. On canvas
Goldie's paintings were rendered on canvases which he prepared with a textured ground. The paintings were presented in kauri frames produced for Goldie by Auckland framer and art dealer John Leech.
C.F. Goldie paintings in Maori Court at Auckland Museum
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
(a) On canvas: Māori portraits
Some sitters, like Patara Te Tuhi, were painted several times by Goldie over the years. By 1910, Goldie found it difficult to locate suitable subjects, since many of his models had died or were too old to sit for him, so he painted from photographs, or copied from earlier works.
Patara Te Tuhi
Auckland Libraries
Te Aho-o-te Rangi Wharepu (Ngāti Mahuta)
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Te Aho-o-te Rangi Wharepu
Auckland Libraries
Te Aho-o-te Rangi Wharepu
Alexander Turnbull Library
Pipi Haerehuka
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Pipi Haerehuka (Te Arani) (Ngāti Arawa)
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Ahinata Te Rangituatini (Kapi Kapi) (Ngāti Arawa)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Wiripine Ninia (Ngāti Awa)
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Pereira Te Kahukura (Ngaheke) (of Tuhourangi & Ngāti Whakaue)
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Guide Sophia
Auckland Libraries
Te Wharekaura Tahuna
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Te Wharekaura Tahuna
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Tumai Tawhiti (Ngāti Raukawa, Te Arawa)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Tumai Tawhiti & Tikitere Mihi
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
Harata Rewiri Tarapata
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Harata Rewiri Tarapata
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Ina (also known as Ena) Te Papatahi (Ngāpuhi)
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Ina Te Papatahi
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Ina Te Papatahi
National Library of New Zealand
Ina Te Papatahi
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Aperahama Rairai (Ngāti Te Ata)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Anaha Te Rahui (Ngāti Tarāwhai)
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Hori Pokai
National Library of New Zealand
Hori Pokai
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Ahinata Te Rangitautini (Tuhourangi)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Rutene Te Uamairangi
Alexander Turnbull Library
Rakapa - an Arawa Chieftainess
Alexander Turnbull Library
(B) ON CANVAS: FURTHER PORTRAITS (NAMES UNCREDITED)
Woman with pipe laughing
Auckland Libraries
Copy of painting by Goldie
Auckland Libraries
Copy Goldie's painting
Auckland Libraries
MEDITATION," BY MS C. F. GOLDIE. (Otago Witness, 23 November 1904)
National Library of New Zealand
(C) On canvas: Pākehā portraits
Subject was thought to be Rev. Dr John Kinder
Sarjeant Gallery Te Whare o Rehua Whanganui
C. L. Kerry
National Library of New Zealand
Photograph of painting highlighting more details
Auckland Libraries
William Stratford Percy
Alexander Turnbull Library
(D) On Canvas: other themes
In 1911, in response to calls for him to do more creative and original works, Goldie tried religious painting in the European tradition. The Child Christ in the Temple, questioning with the Doctors, found by His Parents received a poor response and he returned to painting Māori portraits.
NZ & Boer War, painted 1900
Auckland Libraries
Religious painting "Christ child in the temple", 1911
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
8. Paintings featured at exhibitions: 1900 - 1920
For a list of NZ and USA galleries that Goldie has exhibited his paintings, see Find New Zealand Artists: A database of artist names , which lists: Auckland Society of Arts; Canterbury Society of Arts; New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts; Otago Art Society; Auckland Industrial and Mining Exhibition, 1898; Louisiana Purchase Exhibition, St Louis 1904.
Auckland Society of Arts, 1900
National Library of New Zealand
The painting 'Tamehana' offered to the Auckland Art Gallery, 1900
National Library of New Zealand
Society of Arts exhibition, 1901
National Library of New Zealand
'Darby and Joan' (painted 1903) exhibited Auckland
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
"Darby and Joan" & "The Widow" presented to Lady Ranfurly, 1903
National Library of New Zealand
New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts, Oct 1903
National Library of New Zealand
Suter Art Society, 1904
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Society of Arts, 1904
National Library of New Zealand
Accepted for "New Zealand Illustrated" Xmas issue 1904
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Society of Arts: 1905
Auckland Libraries
Taranaki Exhibition, 1905
National Library of New Zealand
Gold medal at New Plymouth exhibition, 1905
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Society of Arts: 1905
National Library of New Zealand
Suter Art Society, 1905
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Society of Arts, 1907
National Library of New Zealand
NZ Academy of Fine Arts exhibition, 1909
National Library of New Zealand
Wanganui Arts and Craft Society Exhibition, 1911
National Library of New Zealand
Auckland Society of Arts, 1912
National Library of New Zealand
Otago Art Society Annual Exhibition, 1915
National Library of New Zealand
Otago Art Society's annual exhibition, 1915
National Library of New Zealand
Otago Art Society Annual Exhibition, 1916
National Library of New Zealand
9. LIVED & MARRIED IN Sydney: 1920-1923
When work started to decline, in 1913 Goldie's father gave him a yearly income. Goldie then decided to travel to Australia and planned to visit Paris for further training. Aged 50 years, he departed for Sydney on 31 October 1920, accompanied by his bride-be Olive Ethelwyn Cooper (aged 35 years). Olive was an Australian from Melbourne who had worked as a milliner at Bon Marche Millinery Emporium in Karangahape Road. Auckland. They married in Sydney on 18 November, and stayed on there whilst Goldie resumed painting Māori portraits from earlier sketches and photographs. With his health declining, probably due to a combination of alcoholism and lead poisoning from flake white – a product used to prepare canvases, they did not travel to Paris and returned to NZ. (See New Zealand Geographic article.)
Rumours started in 1913 that Goldie to leave NZ
National Library of New Zealand
Goldie and his wife-to-be Olive depart for Sydney, 31 Oct 1920
National Library of New Zealand
10. later years in auckland until death: 1923 - 1947
Goldie and his wife Olive returned to New Zealand in January 1923 but he did little painting. Encouraged by the Governor-General, Lord Bledisloe, Goldie resumed painting around 1930. Bledisloe had corresponded with Sir William Llewellyn at the Royal Academy of Arts in London about exhibiting outstanding NZ and other Dominion artists. In 1934 and 1935, Goldie successfully submitted paintings to the Royal Academy. He also exhibited at the Salon of the Société des artistes français during 1935, 1938 and 1939. Goldie was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal. Soon after, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to art in New Zealand in 1935. Goldie stopped painting in 1941 due to his health further deteriorating and lived in Remuera. He died on 11 July 1947, aged seventy-six, and is buried at the Purewa Cemetery. In his will, written on the back of a menu in Sydney in 1923, Goldie left his entire estate to Olive (there were no children). Olive passed away in 1976. (See Te Ara and Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.)
Goldie's paintings: art or ancestors?
Radio New Zealand
Mongraphs owned by Goldie on art, Māori & Polynesian subjects
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Goldie photograph album of wife Olive, c. 1930s
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Cover design for proposed publication by James Cowan, 1935
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
11. Goldie's legacy
Correspondence lists art works at Auckland Art Gallery
Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki
Goldie's work celebrated in 'New Zealand Illustrated Magazine"
National Library of New Zealand
Romanticised image of "Maoriland"?
Radio New Zealand
Moko and Goldie
The University of Auckland Library
Living room art
Alexander Turnbull Library
Goldie's 50th anniversary (1997)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
12. RECORD-SHATTERING PRICES, THEFTS, FORGERIES & Homage
Auctions
Portrait 'Forty Winks' which depicts Rutene Te Uamairangi painted in 1939
Radio New Zealand
Portrait of Kapi Kapi "No Koora te Cigaretti" painted in 1917
Radio New Zealand
Owner of a Goldie painting applied to Minister of Culture & Heritage take it overseas, 2017
Radio New Zealand
Newly discovered portrait of Kapi Kapi painted in 1918
Digital Public Library of America
Painting of "Hori Pokai - A sturdy, stubborn Chief" (1919) sold for $1.42 million, Nov 2021
Radio New Zealand
Two digital images of Goldie at his easel & in studio sold for $51,250 & $76,250 on 1 Feb 2022
Radio New Zealand
Painting of Chief Kamariera Te Hau Takiri Wharepapa sold for $1.8 million, April 2022
Radio New Zealand
Lost, Damaged, STOLEN PAINTINGS
Paintings damaged or destroyed by fire on board s.s. Tarawera, 1906
National Library of New Zealand
Poster depicting stolen paintings, 1973
Alexander Turnbull Library
Goldie painting stolen in Hamilton, Dec 2020/Jan 2021
Radio New Zealand
FORGERIES
Karl Sim convicted for art forgery in mid-1980s
Kete Horowhenua
Karl Feodor Sim a.k.a. Carl F. (C. F.) Goldie (1923-2013)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Other ARTISTS' Homage to Goldie
> Paintings & carving:
Painting by A. Cameron
Alexander Turnbull Library
Chair with carved image of Goldie painting "A Hot Day" on back
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
> Caricatures / Comics / stamps
Caricatures of exhibition, 1905
Alexander Turnbull Library
Caricatures, 1907
Alexander Turnbull Library
Caricatures, 1908
Alexander Turnbull Library
Cartoon by Neville Colvin, c.1946-56
Alexander Turnbull Library
Cartoon, 2011
Alexander Turnbull Library
> Music / plays
Musical play "The lady typist" (1906) - colour scheme designed by Goldie
National Library of New Zealand
Waiata "Dedicated to C.F. Goldie, Esq" [1904?]
National Library of New Zealand
Peter Dawes' play "Goldie" (1987)
Alexander Turnbull Library
13. Further information
GOLDIE, Charles Frederick, O.B.E.
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
GOLDIE, Dr William H. d.1904 - Nineteenth Century New Zealand Artists: A Guide & Handbook
Victoria University of Wellington
Working with Goldie
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Goldie, Charles Frederick - The Cyclopedia of New Zealand [Auckland Provincial District]
Victoria University of Wellington
Charles Goldie and two Ngāpuhi cousins
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Biography of Charles Frederick Goldie
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa