Marching teams past and present
A DigitalNZ Story by Zokoroa
A step back in time to marching as a sport which originated in NZ and spread overseas
Marching, Marching teams, Marching girls, Sport, Competition, Recreation, Uniforms, Women, Kiwiana
Introduction
Marching as a competitive and recreational sport for girls and women originated in NZ; then spread overseas to the UK, Australia and other countries through promotional visits. Images of our marching girls over the decades have become part of Kiwiana - our popular culture unique to New Zealand.
The following gives an overview of key milestones since the late nineteenth century, when military-style marching displays led to drill and marching teams forming in NZ schools during the 1920s. Marching gained in popularity during the 1930s with businesses and factories for inter-house competition at sports meetings. This led to the forming of the New Zealand Marching and Recreation Association in August 1945, which was later re-named the New Zealand Marching Association (NZMA) in 1948, and Marching New Zealand (MNZ) in 1998. As well as competitive and recreational marching, the teams have also participated in street parades and at civic welcomes for royal visitors and dignitaries. In 1991, women aged fifty years plus formed their own team for leisure marching in Tauranga, which gave rise to other 'Leisure Marching' teams of "mature women" being developed independently from Marching New Zealand.
We will also look at the styles of uniform and team names which have varied over the years! Three of the ten teams competing at the Bay of Plenty Marching Championship in 1950, for example, were: Robin Hood (Rotorua) whose uniform colours were red, green and white; Rainster (Tauranga) who wore gold and white; and the Farmers Troupedors (Ōpōtiki) who wore cherry and lemon.
During late 19th Century & early 20th Century, marching displays were popular with 'march pasts'
(Photo: Dunedin school children march past royal visitors, the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York, 1901)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1920s: Drill & marching teams formed in schools
(Photo: Row of girls taking part in a march at the Children's Gala in Nelson, 1929)
Nelson Provincial Museum
During 1930s, marching teams were formed by offices, businesses & factories for inter-house competition
(Photo: Staff of James Smith Ltd Wellington)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In 1945, the New Zealand Marching and Recreation Association was founded & is currently known as Marching New Zealand
(Photo: The Auckland Majorettes marching team perform on the Basin Reserve in Wellington, 1950)
Alexander Turnbull Library
As well as competitions, teams also performed in street parades & civic ceremonies
(Photo: Teams marched for the Royal Tour of the Queen & Prince Philip, 1953)
Auckland Libraries
Initially, teams were of three age-levels: Midgets (aged 8-11), Juniors (aged 12-15) & Seniors
(Photo: Lochiel Marching Team from Wellington, at Spriggins Park, Wanganui, 1971)
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
During 1980s-2000s competitive & recreational grades were introduced. "Introductory Grade" had a minimum age of 5 years.
(Photo: The Kiwis marching team of girls under the age of eight, 2006)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
In 1991, the "Marching Grans" team aged 50 years plus started a trend known as Leisure Marching with own events
(Photo: The Remax/Reds Leisure Marchers which formed in 2004, & in 2010 changed their name to Taitoko)
Kete Horowhenua
Team names & uniforms varied
1948-49: New Plymouth's Blue Birds marching team
Puke Ariki
1991: Upper Hutt's "Glennettes" marching team
Glennettes marching team members and Miles Dean, 12, cornet.
Upper Hutt City Library
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Step back in time:
Late 19th - early 20th century: Marching displays
1899: Children marching at District High School sports, Gisborne
Auckland Libraries
26 June 1901: Dunedin school children marching past the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York at the Caledonian Grounds
Auckland Libraries
1900s: The March Past: Girl pupils marching at the Christchurch Schools’ Sports
Auckland Libraries
1910s: The March Past: Girls of the East Christchurch School taking part in the demonstration at Lancaster Park
Auckland Libraries
1920s: Drills & marching at schools
During the 1920s, drills and marching were held at primary and secondary schools as part of their physical exercises. The students also took part in special events such as gala days and town processions. Marching competitions became a novelty, as seen from the following newspaper report where pupils at Hawera Main School were involved in a marching competition in 1929.
CHILDREN AT DRILL - MAIN SCHOOL MARCHING COMPETITION.
A novelty greatly enjoyed by the pupils was the marching competition held at the Hawera Main School this morning. The children were grouped according to sizes and ages, and the juniors were allowed a small handicap to offset the advantages of the older children. Sergeant-Major Stevens, of the Permanent Defence Staff, judged the marching, and at the conclusion commented very favourably upon the standard attained. Thee competition, in which all the boys and girls of the standards competed, was won by Miss Burgess’ squad, with Miss Grindrod’s second and the others close.
Source: Papers Past: "Children at Drill:, Hawera Star (Vol. XLIX, 18 Nov 1929, p. 11)
Oct 1922: 1922: Marching by Wellington Girls’ College students included dramatic entertainment & gymnastic displays
WELLINGTON GIRLS' COLLEGE (Evening Post, 21 October 1922)
National Library of New Zealand
1928: Timaru Main School pupils leading the Diamond Jubilee Procession
Timaru Main School Pupils Leading The Diamond Jubilee Procession 1928
South Canterbury Museum
Nov 1928: At the Auckland Inter-house Girls' Sports Association annual athletic carnival, teams took part in march-past
A POPULAR PARADE (Evening Post, 20 November 1928)
National Library of New Zealand
1929: Wellington East Girls’ College students marching during Vice-Regal visit
A...W. Schaef, Ptoto. VICE-REGAL VISIT TO EAST GIRLS' COLLEGE.—At top, Lady Alice Tcrgusson, accompanied by Captain Orr-Ewing, inspecting the Guard...
National Library of New Zealand
1930s: Inter-house competitions by businesses
Marching teams began to be formed by offices, businesses and factories for inter-house competition at sports meetings.
In 1932, the Wellington Interhouse Marching & Recreation Association was formed & held the 1st display at Basin Reserve
{Photo: Woolworths (N.Z.) Ltd team at third annual sports meeting of the Wellington Inter-House Association, 1935)
Alexander Turnbull Library
1935: General Motors marching girls team - The Chauffeurs. Their hats advertise models of cars.
General Motors marching girls team - The Chauffeurs
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
1938: Hansells Laboratories Marching Team
Hansells Laboratories Marching Team : digital image
Wairarapa Archive
1930s: Marching display by Hamilton Business teams at an athletic meeting
Marching display by Hamilton business girls a feature of last Saturday's athletic meeting
Auckland Libraries
Teams stylised their own uniforms
1937: McDuff marching team
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Teams spent hours practising their synchronised marching steps
ca 1930-39: Macduffs Marching Team taken on the roof of the Wellington building used by the team for lunchtime training
Auckland Libraries
Trophies were presented to winners
1938: Hunt’s Marching Team: Winners of the Alexander Shield at the Hastings Inter-House Sports
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
Early 1940s: recreational & Physical activity
During World War II, marching was encouraged as a recreational activity by physical welfare officers in the Department of Internal Affairs, to boost morale and improve physical fitness. Local marching associations began to be formed in the North and the South Islands.
Feb 1941: Marching team practising with trainer, Mr C. McCalman, physical welfare officer from Dept of Internal Affairs
The Dept encouraged marching as a recreational activity to boost morale & physical fitness during WWII
National Library of New Zealand
Drill sergeants & officers in the Home Guard provided instruction in military march formations adapted for women
1940s: Marching girls at Blandford Park, Auckland
Auckland Libraries
1940s: Marching display at Wellington Patriotic Sports meeting
Auckland Libraries
c. 1940: Rotorua High School girls marching into Government gardens on Anzac Day
Rotorua Museum of Art & History Te Whare Taonga o Te Arawa
1940s: Inter-house marching championship at Hawera
Auckland Libraries
1942-45: Grahams Marching Team - change in uniform style
Wairarapa Archive
1943: A team taking part in the Hutt Valley Girls' Interhouse Association's marching display
National Library of New Zealand
March 1944: Marching & athletic events grew in popularity with entries for Basin Reserve event largest since pre-War
10 marching teams had entered. The Wellington Police Pipe Band & the Boys' Institute Band also to take part.
National Library of New Zealand
March 1944: Results of the Inter-house girls' marching championship and athletic meeting held at the Basin Reserve
National Library of New Zealand
1945: Jas. W. Shaw's Kilties Inter-House Team first equal Hastings Marching Championship
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
March 1945: The "Minster" team, winners of the Hutt Valley Inter-house Girls' Association's marching championship
National Library of New Zealand
1945: New Zealand Marching ANd Recreation Association (NZMA) formed
The New Zealand girls' marching championships took place in Wanganui in Feb 1945 at which a crowd of 8000 attended. At a meeting held afterwards, it was decided to form the New Zealand Girls' Marching and Recreation Association, with headquarters at Wellington, and to hold the next national competition in Timaru. (Source: Evening Post: "Girls marching", (Vol CXXXIX, Issue 48, 26 Feb 1945, p.7).
24 Feb 1945: A crowd of 8000 attended the New Zealand girls' marching championships held at Wanganui
Newspaper reported that a subsequent meeting decided to form the New Zealand Girls' Marching and Recreation Association
National Library of New Zealand
On 15 August 1945, the New Zealand Marching and Recreation Association was inaugurated at a meeting in Wellington attended by representatives of seven local associations. The aim was to promote inter-house marching and recreation for girls throughout New Zealand. Assistance was given by the Department of Internal Affairs officers to help establish the Association and hold the first national competition at Timaru. It was part of the Department's policy to promote recreation in New Zealand by providing assistance until the Association was able to carry out its activities independently.
Find out more:
15 Aug 1945: New Zealand Marching and Recreation Association was formed with assistance of Dept of Internal Affairs
The Association's first President was Mr George Austad. (Image: 1945: Hawke’s Bay Farmer’s Tearooms marching team)
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
CENTRES ADMINISTERED ASSOCIATIONS WITHIN REGIONS
Four levels of administration were introduced: national association, regional centres, local associations and clubs. Each regional centre administered the marching associations within its geographical region. For example, in 1949 the Bay of Plenty Marching Centre consisted of three associations - Tauranga, Rotorua, and Te Puke. Each association coordinated the activities of its local club teams, including holding two championship meetings in a season. An association was entitled to have two delegates on its regional Centre's executive committee. The number of marching teams and regional administrative 'centres' grew throughout the North and South Islands.
Source: Papers Past: Te Puke Times, "Marching Association formed", (Vol XXVIII, Issue 13, 18 Feb 1949, p.2)
Regional centres administered marching associations within a geographical area & each association organised local clubs
(Photo: Marching girls holding a Wellington Marching Association banner, 1955)
Alexander Turnbull Library
1946: First Handbook issued
Teams were to follow a set march plan & be accompanied by brass & pipe bands
Puke Ariki
Marching teams to consist of 10 members, including a leader
Three ranks of three with a leader, replaced the original two ranks of four plus leader
Alexander Turnbull Library
Each team was judged on their marching as well as their uniforms
Alexander Turnbull Library
The team's leader would give whistled commands
Alexander Turnbull Library
Leader and nine girls from the Sargettes marching team
Alexander Turnbull Library
Leader and nine girls from the Sargettes marching team
Alexander Turnbull Library
Regional competitions were held annually
(Poster: Gisborne - East Coast Marching Championship, Saturday, April 13, 1946)
Tairāwhiti Museum Te Whare Taonga o Tairāwhiti
1940s-1950s: A marching team in the middle of a drill with two judges observing the team
After WWII, many drill sergeants & officers became instructors & judges, adapting army drill to competition marching
Auckland Libraries
Film (1946) includes footage of women’s marching teams at the Whangārei A&P Show
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
1946: Association's first National championship held
The first national competition held by the Association was in 1946 at Timaru at which only seniors (aged above 16 years) could compete. By the late 1950s, national championships also included juniors (aged 12–15) and by the late 1960s ‘midget’ teams (aged 8–11).
In 1946, the Association's first National championships held at Timaru (Champion Team: Manahuna of Timaru)
(Photo: Shaw's Kilties (Hastings) were New Zealand Marching Champions in 1947)
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
1948: Renamed 'New Zealand Marching Association'
At its annual meeting held on 13 August 1948, the decision was made to change the Association's name to 'New Zealand Marching Association'. The following officers were elected: Patron, the Governor-General, Sir Bernard Freyberg; Vice-patrons, the Leader of the Opposition, Mr. S. G. Holland, and the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr. W. E. Parry; President, Lieut.-Colonel G. P. O'Leary; Vice-presidents, the presidents of affiliated associations; Secretary, Mr. K. W. Kilpatrick; Treasurer, Mr. N. Sclien. Mr. G. Austad was elected the first life member.
Source: 'Premier praises N. Z. Marching Association', Gisborne Herald, 16 Aug 1948, p. 8. (PapersPast)
On 13 Aug 1948, the Association's name was changed to 'New Zealand Marching Association'
The annual meeting also elected the Association's first life member - Mr G. Austad
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Competitions held regionally & nationally
The following article about teams marching in Tauranga in 1949 received coverage in the Bay of Plenty Times:
MARCHING DISPLAY IN TAURANGA: FIRST ANNUAL EVENT OF ASSOCIATION
SUCCESS OF ROTORUA TEAM
The first large-scale marching display held in the Tauranga district by the Tauranga Marching Association proved highly successful. The event was staged on the Domain on Saturday, four teams, Robin Hood (Rotorua), Pipe Band, Rainster and Mount Maunganui participating. Owing to unavoidable circumstances the full number of teams entered were not able to compete. The grand parade marched from Wharepai corner shortly after 1 p.m., the girls looking very neat in their respective costumes. The Tauranga Highland Pipe Band was in attendance. Trophies were presented by the Mayoress, Mrs L. R. Wilkinson, and Lady Wavertree. Mr T. F. Conner deputised for the Mayor.
Results of events were:
- Street march. Robin Hood (Rotorua) (80 points) 1, Pipe Band (79) 2
- Open Challenge Cup, Robin Hood (307 h) 1. Rainster (290 i) 2
- Open novice, Pipe Band (315) 1, Rainster (305) 2
- Best leader. Miss M. McGimley, Robin Hood (47) 1. Miss Z. Alexander, Rainster (43). 2
- Best dressed, Robin Hood (92) 1, Pipe Band (91) 2
4 Dec 1949: Auckland Centre Championships held at Carlaw Park
(Photo: Marching team competing at Carlaw Park during 1940s-50s)
Auckland Libraries
Te Ara: “This 1949 film clip shows national championships held in particularly bad Wellington weather.” (0:28 min)
“Although all the competitors were women, the judges were men – this was standard for women's sports at the time..."
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1950s: Marching grows in popularity
By 1951, there were over 300 teams competing in twenty affiliated centres. The marching teams comprised three age groups: Midgets (aged 8–11), Junior teams (aged 12–15) and Seniors. The teams competed in centre championships, followed by the North Island and South Island championships, and the national championships. However, the Seniors could only compete at the national championship until 1957 when the Junior teams were included, followed by the Midgets in 1968. As well as competitions, the marching teams also participated in street parades and at civic welcomes for royal visitors and dignitaries.
28 Jan 1950: North Island Championships conducted by Auckland Centre at Carlaw Park
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
1950: Aulsebrook March commissioned for New Zealand Marching Assn by Aulsebrook & Co Ltd
Music composed by Mr H C Goffin of Wellington & recorded in London by HMV in 1952
Mataura Museum
1950: Two members of the Auckland Majorettes marching team practise twirl batons on the Basin Reserve in Wellington
Alexander Turnbull Library
1950: Four members of the Auckland Majorettes marching team perform their drill
A team was required to have at least one chaperone present at every team practice & at competitions
Alexander Turnbull Library
In 1951, the New Zealand Marching Association published its 'official' monthly magazine for marching 'Quick March'
The magazine was later renamed 'Quick Step' in 1963
Auckland Libraries
1952: Marching teams part of Palmerston North 75th Jubilee Celebrations
Palmerston North City Library
1958: River City Drum Majorette's of Wanganui at the Floral festival
Palmerston North City Library
NZ marching teams visit UK & Australia
During 1952, the Dunedin marching team Blair Atholl visited the UK to promote marching. The following year, the Grenadiers Guards of Whangarei who had become the Champion NZ Team (placed 1st in all 7 sections in 1953) visited Australia and marched at the Australian Championships in NSW. This led to the first Australian team, the Parramatta Grenadiers of NSW, visiting NZ in 1961.
Find out more about the Blair Athol marching team's UK trip to promote marching: Youtube video (1:05min): British Pathé: New Zealand introduces women marching team (1952)
During 1952, Dunedin team Blair Atholl sailed to England aboard the liner Strathnaven for a four week promotional tour
(1954 article comments on the 1952 tour in raising awareness in UK about marching as an outdoor activity)
Upper Hutt City Library
In 1953, Grenadiers Guards of Whangarei (NZ Champion team 1953) marched at Australian Championships in Singleton (NSW)
This led to first Australian team, Parramatta Grenadiers, visiting NZ in 1961
Auckland Libraries
Teams continue to compete in NZ and attend civic welcomes
March 1953: Teams to execute Assoc's standard march plan for 1952-53 at Upper Hutt's Senior Open Championships
The standard march to be followed by their individual optional march as devised by instructor and team leader
Upper Hutt City Library
Jacket with an embroidered pocket worn by NZ Marching Assoc judge
The Association introduced a graduated system of examinations for judges, & produced a 'Manual of Judging' in 1969
Auckland Libraries
24 Dec 1953: Queen Elizabeth II at Children's Rally at Domain, Auckland
Auckland Libraries
1954: First North Island Championships held at Petone Recreation Ground, Wellington
15 teams competed & Sargettes of Wellington were the Champion Team (Photo of Sargettes, 1951)
Alexander Turnbull Library
June 1954: 'The only all-Maori marching team known to Te Ao Hou is the Taihoa Marching Team at Wairoa"
Team formed Aug 1953 & leader Miss Hine Karaurai "says that the girls train from 5.30 to 7 every morning and night."
Alexander Turnbull Library
15 Jan 1955: North Island Junior Championships (aged 12-15) conducted by Auckland Centre Inc. at Carlaw Park, Auckland
Puke Ariki
c. 1955: The Majorettes in action, with the team leader in front
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Film (1956) includes footage of marching girls
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
1956: More than 300 teams & 19 centres in NZ
An article in the Upper Hutt Leader (26 Jan 1956) reported on the number of marching teams and the administration of the New Zealand Marching Association:
"One team from each of the 19 centres- - 12 from the North Island and seven from the South Island will fake part in the New Zealand championships of the New Zealand Marching Association to be held on March 10 at Lancaster Park, Christchurch. The South Island championships will be held in Dunodin on February in, thc same date as the North island championships will be held a! Hamilton.
There are more than 300 teams marching in the Dominion. All members are young women or girls, but the association is administered almost, entirely by men, said Mr K. V. Kilpatrick, Dominion Secretary of the Association. Many instructors were former servicemen. Marching teams originated in New Zealand. The marching helped girls to develop a good carriage, and appealed lo girls who were not anxious to take part, in vigorous sports. Participation in marching created a team spirit amongst the girls. A marching association formed in Australia on lines similar to the New Zealand organisation, had its headquarters in .Newcastle, New South Wales."
10 March 1956: Teams from the 19 centres in NZ (12 in Nth Is & 7 in Sth Is) took part in the New Zealand championships
The Sth Island championships were held in Dunedin on 10 Feb on same date as the Nth Island championships at Hamilton
Upper Hutt City Library
1957: Junior teams (aged 12–15) included in national competitions
1957: 1st NZ Championship for Junior Grade (12-15 yrs) held Christchurch. Champion Team Hamilton City Silver.
(Photo: Roebuck's Juniors marching team)
Puke Ariki
1959-60: Pleiades Junior Marching Team of Waitara displaying badges & trophies
The team were 1st in Taranaki Championships, 3rd in North Island Championships & 4th in New Zealand Championships
Puke Ariki
1958: Civic welcome for Queen Mother & tour to Fiji
Feb 1958: The Scottish Hussars performed at civic welcome for the Queen Mother, at the Domain, Auckland
Alexander Turnbull Library
1958: Sargettes of Wellington visit Suva, Fiji for the Hibiscus Festival giving the first display of marching in Fiji
Alexander Turnbull Library
1959: First female President of NZ Marching Association
1959: Mrs Norma Mangos MBE of Nelson elected the first female President
Alexander Turnbull Library
1960s: Performances in NZ & overseas continue
1961: Point England Swiftfoot Marching Girls team in travel uniforms & carrying travel bags for competition in Australia
Auckland Libraries
1963: Teams competing at Marching Carnival at Tauranga and Wharepai Domains
Tauranga City Libraries
Marching Carnival at Tauranga and Wharepai Domains
Marching Carnival at Domain
Tauranga City Libraries
Marching Carnival at Tauranga and Wharepai Domains
Marching Carnival at Domain
Tauranga City Libraries
1963: Judges at Marching Carnival being held at the Tauranga and Wharepai Domains
Marching Carnival
Tauranga City Libraries
1963: The Papatoetoe Highlanders' Junior marching team won the New Zealand open championships
Auckland Libraries
1964: The Papatoetoe Highlanders' Marching Team win the 1963-64 Junior Championship title, unbeaten in 13 marches
The team was last year's Midget Champions
Auckland Libraries
1969: Weldonettes marching team’s cups & shields include New Zealand Marching Association Quick March Trophy
Alexander Turnbull Library
1968: Midget grade (8-11 years) included in NZ Championships
1968: 1st NZ Championship for Midget Grade (8–11 yrs) held in Christchurch. Champion Team were Invaders of Manawatu.
(Photo: Midget marching team practising at the Mount in 1964)
Tauranga City Libraries
1970s: Marching in NZ & overseas
Marching continued to be popular as a sporting activity. During 1974-1975, the number of teams had increased to 368. In 1977, competition widened to include Australia, with the first Inter-Dominion Championship being held in Wellington. The following year, Wellington's Lochiel team was invited to attend their first Edinburgh Military Tattoo and have since had return visits. (Source: NZ History: Marching New Zealand 1945 - )
April 1970: Katikati’s Ulster Guards at Rotorua
Team gained a first place with two other teams for the uniforms in the junior section
Western Bay District Council
1970: During Auckland Provincial marching championships, a male instructors' team, 'Dora's Dithering Dumbell' performed
Article: The team provided "the spectators and competitors with a mirthful interlude ..."
Auckland Libraries
In 1977 Australia and New Zealand competed in the first Inter- Dominion Championship, held in Wellington
1st Technical Team was Lochiel (NZ) and 1st Display Team was Westpoints (Australia)
Digital Public Library of America
1978: Lochiel of Wellington invited to attend their first Edinburgh Military Tattoo & have since had return visits
Also performed at Tattoo performances in Wellington & Melbourne. Team first formed in the late 1950s. (Photo: 1965)
Alexander Turnbull Library
1979: Teams line up at the South Island Midget & Senior Championships at Porritt Park, Christchurch
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
1979: Marching competition held in Auckland
East Coast Bays team carrying banner on the left
Auckland Libraries
1979: Kilmarnock Midget Grade Team of Auckland march at Australian Championships in Perth, Australia
(Photo: 1980s)
Auckland Libraries
1979: Auckland's Canadian Guards tour California & Hawaii
Accompanied by Continental Airline NZ Power Brass Band (Earlier photo of marching team members, 1963)
Auckland Libraries
1979: East Coast Bays girls marching team participate in a marching competition parade
Auckland Libraries
ca. 1979-83: North Shore Girls Marching Association team preparing to compete
Auckland Libraries
1980s: Changes to marching introduced
During the 1980s, membership of the New Zealand Marching Association began to decline and by 1991–92 there were 186 teams. The Association introduced changes, including reducing the number of administrative levels from four to three (national association, local association and club) in 1986. An annual grant was also obtained from the Hillary Commission for the salary of an executive director. Marching continued to be an amateur sport, administered by volunteers.
1980: Introductory Grade was introduced which had a minimum age of 5 years
Puke Ariki
1980: Judges tent at a North Shore Girls Marching Association competition
Auckland Libraries
1981: The first combined NZ Midget, Junior & Senior Championships held in Hawke's Bay
(Photo: East Coast Bays Midget Marching Team, 1980s)
Auckland Libraries
1981: Continental Guards & Continental Brass Band win World Championship Quickstep Display in Holland
Digital Public Library of America
1984: Own choice of music & use of accessories to enhance display introduced, encouraging creative drills & movements
1984 "Marching in Schools" booklet was also introduced.
Auckland Libraries
1985 Lochiel of Wellington appointed New Zealand Sporting and Cultural Ambassador
(Earlier photo of team members in 1960s)
Alexander Turnbull Library
1986: NZMA reduced the number of admin levels from 4 to 3 (national association, local association & club)
Hillary Commission gave annual grant for executive director. (Photo: North Shore Girls Marching Association team, 1980s)
Auckland Libraries
1987: Video: “The Marching Girls - Mahara's Story”
About Taita social marching team preparing for North Island Championships
NZ On Screen
1988: Buckingham Guards of Auckland toured 32 countries & gave a demonstrations for the Americas Cup at San Diego
The team also marched at the Earls Court Military Tattoo
Auckland Libraries
1989: The Papatoetoe Militaires marching team practising for the North Island marching championships in Hamilton
Auckland Libraries
1989: Westlanders appointed Sport & Cultural Ambassadors for NZ Trade & Tourism at Asian/Pacific Expo in Japan
(Photo: The Westlanders midgets marching in the Farmers Santa Parade on Mayoral Drive, Auckland, 1989)
Auckland Libraries
1989: The Upper Hutt Glennette junior marching team had a four-week tour of the USA
The team had won the national title five weeks before their trip
Upper Hutt City Library
1990s: Kiwisport, Leisure marching & NZMA/MNZ TEAMS
Marching recognised as a Kiwi Sport
Marching became officially recognised as a Kiwi Sport by the Hillary Commission in 1990. Kiwisport was launched in Dunedin to promote sport for primary, intermediate and secondary school students, with funding from Sport NZ and the Ministry of Education.
Find out more: Sport New Zealand: Kiwisport: https://sportnz.org.nz/resources/kiwisport/
1990: Marching officially recognised as a Kiwi Sport by the Hillary Commission and Kiwisport was launched in Dunedin
Kiwisport receives funding from Sport NZ & Ministry of Education to promote sport for prim, int & sec school students.
Upper Hutt City Library
Leisure Marching teams formed, 1991 -
In 1991, six friends aged fifty years plus formed a marching team in Tauranga "purely for exercise, fun and friendship", which they named “The Marching Grans”. After the team appeared on TVOne's Holmes Show. "this started the Leisure Marching throughout New Zealand". Nowadays, there are over 100 teams with over 1000 marchers who are "mature ladies"- teams can comprise any number of people. Various non-competitive events hosted by local teams are held throughout the country which include: "a march past parade, individual team routines, [and] winding up with a serpentine or maze march with all teams on the floor". "There is no National Body. Hosting of the major events – North Island, South Island and the Nationals are decided by delegates from each team."
Source: Leisure marching: http://www.leisuremarching.org.nz/
In 1991, the 'Marching Grans' team was formed by 6 friends aged 50 years plus, which started a trend in leisure marching
After Tauranga team shown on TVOne's Paul Holmes, other teams of "mature ladies" formed for exercise, fun & friendships
National Library of New Zealand
Nowadays, there are over 100 Leisure Marching teams with over 1000 marchers who are "mature ladies"
(Photo: The Remax/Reds Leisure Marchers which formed in 2004, & in 2010 changed their name to Taitoko)
Kete Horowhenua
There is no National Body & events are held by local bodies
Major events – North Island, South Island & the Nationals are decided by delegates from each team
Kete Horowhenua
Video (1994): Gary McCormick visits Southland & includes footage of senior citizens involved in marching
Heartland - Hokitika
NZ On Screen
2009: Pegasus Belles Leisure Marching Team at the New Brighton Christmas Parade
New Brighton Christmas Parade Marchers
Christchurch City Libraries
2012: Seventy-eight marching teams, consisting mainly of women aged over 50, at Dunedin
Modern marching: leisure marchers
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
RNZ audio (2014): The Gumboot Grans are one of 19 teams at the annual marching display in Taihape
Gumboot Grans with Barbera Anderson
Radio New Zealand
[No date] The Capital City Leisure Marchers with coach Val McNally (at centre) range in age from early 60s to 80s
Capital City Leisure Marchers
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
New Zealand Marching Association activities
By 1992, "the NZMA comprised 21 local associations, 31 clubs, 2328 marchers, and 1222 coaches, judges, chaperones and other administrators". (Source: NZ History: Marching New Zealand, 1945 - )
By 1992, NMA had 21 local associations, 31 clubs, 2328 marchers, & 1222 coaches, judges, chaperones & other admin staff
Image:Marching team at the Manurewa Christmas Parade, 1991
Auckland Libraries
1990: Team waiting to march in the opening ceremony of the XIV Commonwealth Games at Mount Smart Stadium in Penrose
Auckland Libraries
1993: Marching illustrated by NZ Post on $1 stamp issued in November
Depicted ‘marching girls’ of the 1940s
National Library of New Zealand
International competition:
Teams continue to perform against other countries. See Marching New Zealand:
1993, 1997 & 1998: Lochiel of Wellington return to the Edinburgh Military Tattoo
1993-1997, the Interdominion Competition, renamed International Challenge, was held between NZ & Australia in Adelaide
1994: Temuka Militaires Junior Team of Timaru attended Chingay Festival in Singapore
1995 & 1997: Shevarn of Auckland represented NZ at the Kurumayam-Kogen Southern Crossing Festival in Nagano, Japan
Teams performed overseas in Australia, Edinburgh Military Tattoo, Chingay Festival in Singapore, & in Japan
Digital Public Library of America
Masters Grade introduced in 1994
Changes introduced to attract more women as marchers, included forming the Masters Grade (minimum age of 30 yrs) in 1994. Teams could perform either Technical Drill or Display or both.
1994: Masters Grade introduced (minimum age of 30 yrs). Teams can perform either Technical Drill or Display or both.
(Photo: Kilties Senior Team, 1992)
Puke Ariki
New Zealand Marching Association renamed Marching New Zealand (MNZ), 1998
The New Zealand Marching Association was also renamed Marching New Zealand Inc (MNZ) in 1998. It continued to promote competitive and recreational marching as a popular sport for women and girls. The following Regional Championships were introduced:
Northern Plate (Auckland/Waikato/Bay of Plenty)
Central North Island Shield (CNIS) (Hawke's Bay/Taranaki/Wanganui/R/Manawatu).
Cook Strait Challenge (Wellington/Nelson/Marlborough). (When the Cook Strait Regional Championship was deleted in 2001, Wellington joined CNIS and Nelson Marlborough Mainland Challenge.)
Mainland Challenge (Canterbury/Otago/Southland)
1998: New Zealand Marching Association renamed Marching New Zealand (MNZ) & introduced Regional Championships
Regions: Northern Plate, Central North Island Shield, Cook Strait Challenge (until 2001) & Mainland Challenge
National Library of New Zealand
Since 2000: Wane in number of MNZ teams
The number of teams participating in marching began to wane from a peak of 368 teams in 1974, to 74 teams registered in February 2016 with Marching New Zealand. From 2012, the Regional Championships had been replaced by North and South Island Championships. By 2018, the number of associations had decreased with ten association committees administering events. (Sources: RNZ: March from the past, 24 Feb 2016) and NZ History: Marching New Zealand 1945 - )
Number of marching teams began to wane from a peak of 368 teams in 1974 and only 74 teams were registered by Feb 2016
(Image: Marching at New Brighton Christmas Parade, 2009)
Christchurch City Libraries
From 2012, the Regional Championships were replaced by North and South Island Championships
(Image: 2014: RNZ audio (10:01 min): Marching competitions in Porirua)
Radio New Zealand
By 2018, the number of associations had decreased with ten association committees administering events
(Image: McVicar Marching Team)
Canterbury Museum
Marching Grades:
In the 2000s, the Open Free Choice Grade was introduced for non-competitive teams to perform their own choice of routine to their own choice of music. By 2018 teams no longer marched to brass & pipe bands, instead marching at 120 beats in the set plan phase. At the Annual Meeting of Marching NZ held in June 2023, the 'Under 16 Grade' & 'Under 12 Grade' were officially renamed 'Under 18 Grade' and 'Under 13 Grade'.
Currently, there are six marching grades which provide for competitive and recreational teams:
Introductory Grade (aged 5-10 years): 4-10 marchers who could march at local Association competitions and events only.
Under 13 Grade (aged 7-12 years): Can perform either a Technical Drill (7-10 marchers) or own choice of Display routine (7-14 marchers) or both at local Association competitions and events, Island Championships and NZ Championships.
Under 18 Grade (aged 12-17 years): Can perform either a Technical Drill (7-10 marchers) or own choice of Display routine (7-14 marchers) or both at local Association competitions and events, Island Championships and NZ Championships.
Senior Grade (minimum age of 17 years): Can perform either a Technical Drill (7-10 marchers) or own choice of Display routine (7-14 marchers) or both at local Association competitions and events, Island Championships, NZ Championships, Masters Games and International Challenge competitions between NZ & Australia.
Masters Grade (minimum age of 30 years & no maximum age): Can perform either a Technical Drill (7-10 marchers) or own choice of Display routine (7-14 marchers) or both at local Association competitions and events, Island Championships, NZ Championships, Masters Games and International Challenge competitions between NZ & Australia.
Open Free Choice Grade (minimum age of 4 years & no maximum age): Non-competitive social marching for fun and fitness and the entire family. Comprising either a free choice routine or to a set format of technical drill routine which is not judged. A team consists of any number of marchers who could be interchanged at any stage. The Team can march at local competitions and events only.
Source: Marching New Zealand - Marching Grades: https://www.marching.co.nz/participation/marching-grades/
Currently, there are six marching grades which provide for competitive and recreational teams
Teams can perform a Technical Drill &/or Display routine where choose own music. (Photo: Watties Twin City Midgets)
MTG Hawke's Bay
Local & International performances:
A summary of national and international marching events is listed by Marching New Zealand for 2000s and 2010s
The NZ Marching Championships have continued to be held in New Zealand, except on the following three occasions: 2011 event scheduled to be hosted in Christchurch was cancelled due to the Canterbury Earthquake; and the 2020 event to be hosted in Auckland and the 2022 event in Hamilton were cancelled due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Marching teams have continued to perform against other countries:
2000: Lochiel perform at the Edinburgh Military Tattoo held at Westpac Trust Stadium in Wellington
2000: Pioneers of Canterbury attend Brisbane Festival
2000: International Tattoo in Brisbane Australia
2004: Central Guards (Marlborough), Brook Chevaliers (Canterbury), Broadway (Wanganui-R), Waitau and Whitiora (both Waikato) participated in the Masters International Challenge in Sydney, Australia
2005: Broadway (Wanganui-R) and Waitau (Waikato) participated in the Masters International Challenge held in Brisbane, Australia .
2008: Lochiel of Wellington return for their 5th performance at the Edinburgh Military Tattoo
2012: Pioneers of Canterbury from Canterbury attend the Canadian International Military Tattoo in Hamilton, Ontario
2013: Lochiel of Wellington return to Scotland for the Edinburgh Military Tattoo.
2016: Lochiel of Wellington performed at the Edinburgh Military Tattoo staged in Melbourne and Wellington.
2019: Lochiel of Wellington return to Scotland for their eighth performance at the Edinburgh Military Tattoo since first appearing in 1978. (See announcement: The Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo (23 July 2019)
2016: RNZ audio (9:14 min): Interview with Lochiel Marching Drill Team coach Colleen Pobar
Coach for 50 years, including international competitions, Pobar describes marching as “synchronised swimming on land”
Radio New Zealand
Marching team names & uniforms over the decades
Over the decades, the names of marching teams and the colours worn varied.
In 1950, for example, ten teams competed at the Bay of Plenty Marching Championships, held at Tauranga. The team names and uniform colours were:
◙ Robin Hood (Rotorua): red, green and white
◙ Mt Maunganui: green and gold
◙ Farmers Troupedors (Opotiki): cherry and lemon
◙ Rochdale: blue and white
◙ Ascot (Rotorua): green and white
◙ Highland Pipe Band Team (Tauranga): Gordon tartan and white
◙ Rainster (Tauranga): gold and white
◙ Green Arrows (Putaruru): gold and white
◙ Ascot (Te Awamutu): green and white
◙ Whakatane United (Whakatane): maroon and cream.
The Street March was won by Robin Hood, Rotorua, the Tauranga Pipe Band came second, with Whakatane and Rotorua Ascots were equal for third. The Bay of Plenty Championship was won by Robin Hood, Tauranga Pipe Band second and Ascot, Rotorua third. Miss D. Hodge of Ascot was the best leader while Green Arrows, Putaruru, won the best costume class.
Source: Papers Past: Te Awamutu Courier, "Ascots do well", (Vol 80, Issue 7152, 16 Jan 1950, p. 4)
Team uniforms varied
1940s-1950s: Whangarei Pirates Marching Team, wearing striped boots, standing at attention during costume judging
Auckland Libraries
Marching Girl's dress
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Marching Girl's Uniform
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Marching Girl's dress
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Gloves
Puke Ariki
Marching Girl's beret
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Marching Girl's boots
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
1948: Baird's Marching Team at Rotorua: "Didn't have enough money to buy boots, so wore spats"
Baird’s Marching Team 1948
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
1940s-50s
Marching girls at the corner of Quay Street East
Auckland Libraries
Marching girls in Quay Street
Auckland Libraries
Marching girls in Quay Street
Auckland Libraries
1980: Marching girls stride out during a gala day at Māngere Centre Park, part of the Māngere Community Festival
Marching girls, Māngere Community Festival, 1980
Auckland Libraries
1994: Watties Twin City Midgets marching team during Blossom Parade at Hastings
Twin City Midgets Marching Team 1994
Hastings District Libraries
1999: Stokes Valley's Kensington Guards; national under-16 technical marching champions
Marching; Stokes Valley's Kensington Guards; national under-16 technical marching champions.
Upper Hutt City Library
2000s onwards
2014: Marching team at Blossom Parade in Hastings
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
{No date] Leisure Lites women's marching team, Browns Bay Christmas parade
Leisure Lites women's marching team, Browns Bay Chirstmas parade.
Auckland Libraries
Medals, Badges & Trophies
New Zealand Marching Association medal
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
New Zealand Marching Association medal
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
New Zealand Marching Association medal
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
New Zealand Marching Association Island Championships badge: Champion Team
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
New Zealand Marching Association Island Championships badge: Runner-up team
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
New Zealand Marching Association Island Championships badge: Third Team
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
New Zealand Marching Association Island Championships badge: Champion Leader
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Wellington Marching Association Button: Senior
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Wellington Marching Association Junior button
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Wellington Marching Association Button: Midget
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Marching girl's medal, Huntly, 1969
Auckland Libraries
Jackie Sibley, marching team leader, with medals
Christchurch City Libraries
Marching team medals
Te Awamutu Museum
Balmoral Midget marching team
Tauranga City Libraries
At the National Championships held during the 1960s, the following trophies were awarded: Parry Cup (New Zealand champions); Bock Shield (display march); Hanan Shield (aggregate points trophy); Lustre Shield (best team leader); Stanton Medal (best team marker); and Richard Hudnut Trophy and Kiwi Rose Bowl (for winner and runner up in the costume competition). (Source: Te Ara: Marching teams: 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand)
Miss Flo McLeod with a cup for marching
Alexander Turnbull Library
Cup
Puke Ariki
Cup
Puke Ariki
Lochiel marching team, senior team of 1962, with trophies
Alexander Turnbull Library
Marching trophies and medals
Christchurch City Libraries
Balaclava Marching Team - Midgets
Hocken Collections - Uare Taoka o Hākena, University of Otago
Brigadiers Carnival of Marching
Rotorua Museum of Art & History Te Whare Taonga o Te Arawa
Find out more:
Charlotte Macdonald, 'Marching teams and cheerleaders', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/marching-teams-and-cheerleaders
Marching New Zealand, URL: https://www.marching.co.nz/about-us/about-marching-new-zealand/
New Zealand Leisure Marching:http://www.leisuremarching.org.nz/
NZ History: Marching New Zealand, 1945 – URL: https://nzhistory.govt.nz/women-together/marching-new-zealand
This DigitalNZ story was updated in April 2025