Katherine Mansfield - Life in pictures
A DigitalNZ Story by Zokoroa
Katherine Mansfield's life growing up and becoming a writer
Katherine Mansfield, Beauchamp, author, writer, short stories, poetry, literature, fiction
Katherine Mansfield was an internationally acclaimed writer of short stories, poems, critical reviews, and letters. Born in Wellington on 14 October 1888, she was christened Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp and decided to use the pseudonym 'Katherine Mansfield' professionally when attending secondary school. When her father disapproved of her aspirations to become a professional cellist, Katherine pursued a literary career. After becoming unwell with pulmonary tuberculosis during 1917, Katherine died at Fontainebleau in France on 9 January 1923 aged 34 and is buried at the nearby cemetery at Avon.
Autobiographical elements of Katherine's early years in New Zealand and at Queen's College in London, and her later experiences when residing permanently in England and Europe from 1908 onwards, are encapsulated in her writings. When living in London, Katherine had befriended members of the Bloomsbury Group of writers and artists. She also reportedly had close relationships/affairs with both men and women, including during her two marriages to singing teacher George Bowden (March 1909-1917) and editor John Middleton Murry (1918-1923).
In a letter during March 1922, Katherine wrote:
'I think the only way to live as a writer is to draw upon one's real familiar life – to find the treasure in that. And the curious thing is that if we describe this which seems to us so intensely personal, other people take it to themselves and understand it as if it were their own.'
(Source: Katherine Mansfield: Selected Letters, ed. Vincent O'Sullivan (Oxford University Press, 1990, pp. 257-8)
NZ-born Katherine Mansfield (1888-1923) lived as a writer & editor in England & Europe from 1908
She became an internationally acclaimed writer of short stories, poems, critical reviews & letters
Alexander Turnbull Library
Born on 14 Oct 1888 in Wellington, Katherine was christened Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp
She was 3rd of 6 children born to Annie & Harold Beauchamp from 1885-94. Harold was a partner of W.M. Bannatyne & Co.
Alexander Turnbull Library
Started school in 1895; won English composition prize (1897); & 1st published story was in High School Reporter (1898)
Attended Karori School (1895-97); F2 & 3 at Wellington Girls' College (1898-99); & Fitzherbert Terrace School (1900-02)
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine learnt the piano & aspired to be a professional celloist after taking lessons from Arnold Trowell in 1901
She befriended Trowell''s musical twin sons, Arnold & Garnet, who later went to Europe to pursue musical careers in 1903
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine completed secondary schooling at Queen's College in London (1903-1906) where attended with her 2 older sisters
Their father decided they'd benefit from further education & arranged board at a hostel & their Aunt Belle as chaperone
Alexander Turnbull Library
She began using the pseudonym 'Katherine Mansfield'; wrote stories, poems & songs; & became editor of College's magazine
Katherine also continued to play the cello hoping to become a professional celloist but her father was disapproving
Alexander Turnbull Library
After returning home, she decided on a literary career & learnt typing & bookkeeping at Wellington Technical College
Her father sent her stories to journalist Tom Mills who arranged for publication in the Australian 'Native Companion'
Victoria University of Wellington
In July 1908, Katherine set sail for London & resided in England & Europe as a writer & editor until her death in 1923
Her father, who'd become a director on the BNZ Board & Harbour Board, gave her an annual allowance of £100
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Katherine kept a journal of her experiences in England & Europe, relationships, writing & publishing, & health issues
Had relationships with men & women, became pregnant & miscarried, married twice, & became unwell with tuberculosis
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
In 1909, she wrote of London affair & pregnancy with Garnet Trowell & short marriage to singing teacher George Bowden
Garnet ended the affair in early 1909 by when she was pregnant, & she wed Bowden in March; then left him & miscarried
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1st collected work 'In a German Pension' (Dec 1911) had stories of her stay at a Bavarian spa & miscarriage during 1909
Her mother had taken & left her at the spa. Ten of the 13 stories were originally published in 'The New Age' journal.
Victoria University of Wellington
In Dec 1911, Katherine met magazine editor John Middleton Murry in London whom she married in May 1918
They'd lived together & she became sub-editor, & they married after her divorce from Bowden was finalised
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & Murry befriended the Bloomsbury group, & other writers during travels abroad to France
Literary friends included Frieda & DH Lawrence, Lytton Strachey, Virginia Woolf, Francis Carco & Samuel Koteliansky
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
When diagnosed with tuberculosis in Dec 1917, Katherine began seeking a cure during which she kept writing
Passport entries show Katherine's last years of travel through Europe, searching for a cure for her tuberculosis
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine died at Fontainebleau in France on 9 January 1923 aged 34 and is buried at the nearby cemetery at Avon
Alexander Turnbull Library
Her literary legacy includes 3 short story collections published in her lifetime, & other works published posthumously
In addition, her Journals, Letters, Scrapbook & Notebooks have also been published
Victoria University of Wellington
The Garden Party and Other Stories (1922)
The Garden Party and Other Stories
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
The Doves' Nest and Other Stories (1923)
Constables Miscellany: The Doves Nest and Other Stories by Katherine Mansfield.
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Something Childish and Other Stories (1924), first published in the U.S. as The Little Girl (1924)
Something Childish and Other Stories
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Journal of Katherine Mansfield (1927)
Journal of Katherine Mansfield
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
The Letters of Katherine Mansfield: Vol I & II (1928)
The Letters of Katherine Mansfield, Volume I
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
The Scrapbook of Katherine Mansfield (1939)
The Scrapbook of Katherine Mansfield
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Notebooks (which were compiled into 2 volumes by Margaret Scott in 1997)
Notebook 43
Alexander Turnbull Library
NZETC contains digitised copies of Katherine's short stories & poems; & her letters & journals edited by J.M. Murry
NZETC (New Zealand Electronic Text Collection)
Services to Schools
A timeline of stories written by Katherine can be viewed on the Katherine Mansfield Society's website which also includes links to the full-text of several stories. See: https://katherinemansfieldsociety.org/katherine-mansfield-resources/stories/
For a list of several of Katherine's poems, see https://katherinemansfieldsociety.org/katherine-mansfield-resources/poems
A range of resources written by and about Katherine Mansfield can also be viewed on National Library’s New Zealand Web Archive Discovery platform: https://webarchive.natlib.govt.nz/
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BACKSTORY
1. Katherine born & lived in NZ: 1888
1(a) Family background
Katherine was born at Tinakori Road in Wellington on 14 October 1888
Katherine Mansfield was born in Wellington on 14 October 1888. She was the third child of Harold and Annie Beauchamp and was christened 'Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp'. Her middle name 'Mansfield' was the maiden name of her maternal grandmother, which she later adopted to form the pseudonym ‘Katherine Mansfield’.
Katherine Mansfield was born Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp on 14 Oct 1888 at family's home at 11 Tinakori Rd, Wellington
Evening Post (15 Oct 1888) stated: "Beauchamp — On 14th October, the wife of Mr Harold Beauchamp, of a daughter."
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine was the third of 6 children born 1885-1894 (sister Gwendoline died of cholera in Jan 1891 aged 3 months)
Katherine (rear on left) with Vera (b.1885-1974), Leslie (b.1894-1915), Charlotte (b.1887-1996) & Jeanne (b.1892-1989)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Parents were Harold Beauchamp & Annie (née Dyer) who married on 18 Feb 1884 at St Paul's Cathedral Church, Wellington
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Parents' background - Harold & Annie Beauchamp
Harold (1858-1938) was born at Ararat, Victoria, Australia to Arthur & Mary Beauchamp who moved to NZ when he was 2
Harold was the third of ten children of which the six youngest were born in NZ between 1862-1876. (Image: c.1910)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Harold's father Arthur Beauchamp (on left) was an auctioneer & former Marlborough Provincial Councillor & MP (1866-67)
(Image: Grandfather Arthur (1827-1910), Katherine's brother Leslie & father Harold)
Victoria University of Wellington
Harold worked at W.M. Bannatyne & Co. with Bannatyne & his partner A.R. Baker from May 1877 & became a partner in 1889
On Bannatyne's death, he became Baker's partner, & when Baker died in 1894, he brought in Walter Nathan as his partner
Auckland Libraries
Annie (1864-1918) was born in Sydney to Margaret Isabella (née Mansfield) & Joseph Dyer who worked in insurance
Christened 'Annie Burnell Dyer', she was the fourth of 9 children. Her mother's family (the Mansfields) were publicans.
Alexander Turnbull Library
In April 1871, Joseph appointed Resident Secretary to set up NZ branch of AMP Society, & Dyer family moved to Wellington
Lived at Tinakori Rd where 2 youngest children were born: Edith Amy ("Kitty") in 1873 & Marion Isabel ("Belle") in 1875
Auckland Libraries
Joseph then worked until his death aged 58 in 1877 at J.M. Ballantyne, where Annie first met Harold when she was 13
Joseph died suddenly of nephritis (kidney complaint) on 4 Mar 1877
Alexander Turnbull Library
Annie & Harold married on 18 Feb 1884 & her widowed mother & sisters nicknamed Kitty & Belle attended
Kitty was christened 'Agnes Mansfield Dyer' (b.1859-1936) & Belle was christened 'Marion Isabella Dyer' (b.1875-1932)
National Library of New Zealand
After the wedding held at St Paul's Church, Annie's sisters Kitty & Belle & their mother Margaret moved in with them
The following year, Kitty married Frederick Valentine Waters & they had 2 sons - Gustave (b.1886) & Eric (b.1890)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's two older sisters, Vera & Charlotte, born in Wadestown, 1885-1887
Harold had first bought land & built a house at Wadestown where Katherine's two oldest siblings were born
Vera Margaret (b. 22 Oct 1885) & Charlotte Mary (b. 9 July 1887) who was called "Chaddie" as a girl
Alexander Turnbull Library
Beauchamps lived at Tinakori Rd in Thorndon, Wellington, 1888 - 1893
In 1887, Harold leased land in Thorndon at 11 Tinakori Rd on which he was required to build a house to value of c£400
The 40 year lease agreement was with former MP Sir Charles Clifford who'd returned to England. (Image: Thorndon, 1894)
Alexander Turnbull Library
During 1888, Beauchamp family moved into their newly built 5-bedroomed house & Kathleen (Katherine) was born in Oct
Alexander Turnbull Library
In 1889, when Katherine was 6 months old & unwell with jaundice, her grandmother took her to visit relatives at Anakiwa
(Image: Family visiting Harold Beauchamp's brothers & their family at Anakiwa in the Marlborough Sounds, c.1892)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's two younger sisters born - Gwendolyn & Jeanne, 1890-1892
On 11 Oct 1890, Gwendoline was born (pictured with 'Grannie' Dyer as she became known) & died of cholera on 9 Jan 1891
(From 1885-1891, raw sewerage flowing into Wellington harbour caused 550 deaths from typhoid, cholera & other diseases)
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 20 May 1892, Jeanne was also born at the Beauchamp's home on Tinakori Rd (later renumbered from 11 to 25 in 1908)
Wellington City Council Archives
Beauchamps moved from Thorndon to live at Chesney Wold in Karori, 1893-1898
In 1893, the Beauchamp family moved from Thorndon to rural Karori for health reasons due to the recent epidemic
Harold had also lost a brother & sister during the epidemic & wanted to safeguard his family's health, including his own
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Katherine's parents leased for 5 years a larger house at 372 Karori Road, Karori which was 3 miles from Wellington
The house had been built in 1866 by Stephen Lancaster who lived in it briefly then leased it to others
Alexander Turnbull Library
The house, which was called Chesney Wold, had a large garden with trees & flowerbeds
Alexander Turnbull Library
It was named after Sir Leicester Dedlock & Honoria, Lady Dedlock's estate in Charles Dickens’ novel, 'Bleak House'
Alexander Turnbull Library
On the property's 14 acres of land there were paddocks with stables & farm buildings & an orchard
They kept cows, pigs chickens, & horses cared for by their Irish handyman, Pat Sheehan
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Harold would walk the 3 miles downhill to town & be collected by horse & cart driven by his Irish handyman, Pat Sheehan
Alexander Turnbull Library
Chesney Wold became the setting for Katherine's 'Prelude' story (1918) & ‘At The Bay’ (1922)
Her father was guised as the self-important Stanley Burnell, while her mother was the indifferent Linda Burnell
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's brother Leslie born at Karori, 1894
In 1894, Katherine's youngest sibling, brother Leslie, was born at Karori, which was annotated in the family's Bible
All the children's birthdates were written onto a page in the Bible, as were the dates that relatives had died
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1(b) Katherine initially attended schools in Wellington, 1895 - 1902
Katherine began attending Karori School in 1895
In 1895, Katherine began attending Karori School where her two older sisters were pupils
(Image: Karori School students, 1893)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's mother frequently hosted concerts at their home which was reported in society columns of newspapers
(Image (1896): Performance with Vera, Charlotte (as Tom Thumb), Katherine (standing on right as Mrs Tom Thumb) & Jeanne)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Family photo with Harold (standing right), Agnes (seated right), 4 of their children, & 3 relatives, c.1896
Relatives: Annie's sister Agnes Waters (seated left), husband Valentine, & their son (Eric or Barrie) seated in middle
Alexander Turnbull Library
In Jan 1897, the family attended wedding of Katherine's Uncle Frank Dyer & Phoebe Seddon
Auckland Libraries
Frank had joined J.M. Ballantyne in 1875 & became Vice-Consul for Greece from 1905-1938
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Phoebe Alicia Seddon was the daughter of Richard Seddon
Auckland Libraries
Katherine won an English composition prize for a story in 1897
In 1897, Katherine won an English composition prize for her story 'A sea voyage' based on a ferry trip in Cook Strait
(Image: Kathleen (Katherine) in middle with siblings, Vera, Charlotte, Jeanne & Leslie, 1898)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's parents travelled overseas, March - Nov 1898
On 19 March 1898, Harold & Annie sailed on SS Ruahine to London on a business trip & as a holiday for Annie's health
They visited London, Scotland, Holland, Germany, France, USA, & Canada; & sailed home from Vancouver
Alexander Turnbull Library
During the 6-week voyage, they kept a diary which they posted home after reaching London on 5 May for family to read
Their ship sailed from Wellington to London via Buenos Aires
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Grannie Dyer looked after the children at their home & Katherine & her older sisters kept attending school
(Image: Relaxing in the family's garden with Grannie Dyer at Tinakori Road, c.1898)
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 14 Nov 1898, Harold & Annie arrived home on the SS Warrimoo which sailed from Vancouver via Honolulu
Hocken Collections - Uare Taoka o Hākena, University of Otago
Family returned to Wellington & lived at 75 Tinakori Road, 1898
As the lease at Karori was to expire during 1898, Katherine's family returned to Wellington & lived at 75 Tinakori Rd
(In 1908, the houses on Tinakori Road were renumbered: 75 Tinakori Rd became 133 Tinakori Rd)
Wellington City Libraries
Katherine with family & visitors on the porch of No. 75, which was larger than their former home at 11 Tinakori Road
Alexander Turnbull Library
Grannie Dyer (seated) helped Annie (standing right) with looking after the children as Annie's health was not robust
Annie's health was delicate since having rheumatic fever as a child. (Image: Beauchamp family, c.1898)
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 23 Dec 1898, Harold was appointed by Premier Richard Seddon as one of the directors on Board of BNZ
He'd also held a number of other directorships & was on the Wellington Harbour Board (1895)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine attended Wellington Girls' College & published first stories, 1898 - 1899
Katherine had begun attending Form 2 of Wellington Girls' College after registering on 25 May 1898, aged 9 yrs 7 mths
Wellington City Libraries
Katherine won prizes for English, Arithmetic & French
Alexander Turnbull Library
Her first published story, 'Enna Blake', signed ‘Kathleen Beauchamp', appeared in High School Reporter in 1898 (p.21-22)
Another story 'A happy Christmas Eve' appeared in Second Term of 1899 (p.3-4)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
The editor Annie Down had written that the story 'Enna Blake' shows "promise of great merit"
Alexander Turnbull Library
In 1898, a cousin of Katherine's father published her 1st novel in England & may have also inspired Katherine to write
Elizabeth von Arnim (born Mary Beauchamp) wrote 'Elizabeth and Her German Garden' in Prussia & it became a success
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine & Charlotte were also pupils of music teacher Florence Holt
(Image: Music pupils at picnic at Island Bay beach, c.1898)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Attended Fitzherbert Terrace School, June 1900-1902
In June 1900, Katherine & her two older sisters began attending the Fitzherbert Terrace School called "Miss Swainson's"
It was built near St Paul's Church in 1878 for Mrs Mary Swainson whose daughter became Headmistress in 1897
Alexander Turnbull Library
One of her teachers found Katherine to be "a surly sort of girl" who was "imaginative to the point of untruth"
The topics she was asked to write on weren't of interest to her & her work was seen as careless & untidy
Alexander Turnbull Library
A fellow student was Maata Mahupuku (1890-1952), also known as Martha Grace, whom Katherine befriended
Her parents were Dick Mahupuku of Ngāti Kahungunu & Emily Sexton, who married Nathaniel Grace after Dick's death in 1893
Alexander Turnbull Library
Short story published in The New Zealand Graphic and Ladies' Journal, 13 Oct 1900
Katherine's short story 'His little friend' was published in The New Zealand Graphic and Ladies' Journal, 13 Oct 1900
It appeared the day before her birthday on the Children's Page (p. 710-711) as written by Kathleen M. Beauchamp aged 11
Auckland Libraries
Learnt to play the piano & cello, 1900-1902
Katherine learnt to play the piano with lessons by Robert Parker from St Paul's Church & began to enjoy music
Parker was the organist & choirmaster of the nearby St Paul’s Church & agreed to give music lessons to the senior girls
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
In 1901, Katherine began cello lessons from Thomas Luigi Trowell & befriended his son Thomas (called Arnold) (b.1887)
Arnold (used by Thomas jnr as stage-name) also played the cello. Katherine would also call Arnold by the name 'Caesar'.
Alexander Turnbull Library
Arnold had a twin brother Garnet who played the piano & violin, & both went to Europe in August 1903 to study music
(Image: Twins Garnet & Arnold with their sister Dolly)
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 12 Sept 1902, Katherine performed in a play "Boy or girl" at a child's party held at Dean residence on Grant Road
The successful event was reported in the New Zealand Mail's' "Wellington Table Talk" (17 Sept 1902, p.26)
Alexander Turnbull Library
2. Katherine attended Queen's College in London, 1903-1906
Katherine & two older sisters went to Queen's College
Harold decided his 3 oldest daughters would benefit from further education in London at the Queen's College on Harley St
He arranged for them to board at the hostel next to the College. Fees were 22 guineas per term & 9 guineas for tuition.
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 29 Jan 1903, Katherine, Vera & Charlotte ("Chaddie") left for London on the SS Niwaru with their family
(Harold & Annie intended to visit family & friends & then return to NZ with their 2 younger children, Jeanne & Leslie)
Auckland Libraries
Also aboard was Annie's sister Belle Dyer who'd stay on in London as chaperone & brother Sydney Dyer who'd return to NZ
(Image: At Los Palmes, en route to London)
Alexander Turnbull Library
When they stopped at Tenerife, Katherine sent this postcard to her cousin Lulu Dyer in Wellington, postmarked 5 May 1903
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
At Queen's College, Katherine befriended boarder Ida Constance Baker
At Queen's College, boarders included sisters Ida Constance Baker (whom Katherine befriended) & Katharine May Baker
Their father was Surgeon Lt-Colonel Oswald Baker & their mother Katharine Mary (née Moore) who'd died in early 1903
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's studies included French & German & modern authors, & she kept a journal
Katherine's studies included French & German, & works by Henrik Ibsen, John Ruskin, Leo Tolstoy & the Brontes
German teacher, Walter Rippmann, encouraged reading modern authors with ‘decadent’ & symbolist overtones, eg Oscar Wilde
Alexander Turnbull Library
Fellow-pupils described her as greatly entertaining with a vivid imagination, flair for mimicry & a sense of mischief
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine kept a journal & wrote that her mind was like a squirrel gathering treasures for later
"I gathered and I hid away, for that long “winter” when I should rediscover all this treasure."
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
She continued to write to her cousin Lulu Dyer & sent this postcard from "old Kasslena" signed "Kass"
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine aspired to be a professional cellist & adopted name "Katherine Mansfield" professionally
Katherine aspired to be a professional cellist & Ida a professional violinist; & used mother's surnames professionally
Katherine = 'Katherine Mansfield' or 'KM'; & Ida = 'Lesley Moore' or 'LM', adopting Lesley from KM's brother Leslie
Alexander Turnbull Library
Two poems by Katherine set to music by sister Vera were published as songs in 1904
Katherine kept notebooks with poems, songs & imaginative stories written about children
(Image: Notebook: Aug 1903)
Alexander Turnbull Library
1903: Poem written by Katherine at the age of 15
Alexander Turnbull Library
During 1903, Katherine's poems included 'Love's Entreaty' & 'Night' which were later set to music by her sister Vera
(Image: Notebook: Dec 1903)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In 1904, the two songs by Katherine & Vera were published by Bote & Bock in Germany
Their father, who was Chair of the New Zealand Piano Company, may have paid for the songs to be published
Alexander Turnbull Library
In Aug 1904, local paper reported the 2 songs were sung at a Wellington Harbour Board dinner by Harold's brother-in-law
(Harold had been Board Chair from 1900-1903 & became a member of the Harbours Association of NZ)
Wellington City Council Archives
Wrote five stories for the Queen's College magazine and became the editor
Katherine wrote five stories for the Queen's College magazine & became the editor
'The Pine-Tree, The Sparrows, and You and I'; 'Die einsame'; 'Your Birthday'; 'One Day'; & 'About Pat'
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & sisters were bridesmaids at Aunt Belle's wedding in London, Sept 1905
Colonist (6 July 1905): "The wedding is fixed for September next of Miss Bell Dyer, of Wellington, to Mr Harry Trinder"
"... eldest son of: Mr D. Trinder, of the firm of Messrs Trinder, Anderson and Co., of Leadenhall-street London"
National Library of New Zealand
On 28 Sept 1905, Aunt Belle married William Henry Trinder in London, & Katherine & sisters were 3 of 5 bridesmaids
William (b.1877) was a ship's captain
National Library of New Zealand
Katherine maintained friendships with Trowell twins & Maata Mahupuku
Katherine corresponded with Arnold Trowell when he & his twin brother Garnet were studying music in Brussels since 1904
Initially, they'd studied at Dr Hoch’s Conservatorium in Frankfurt, Germany; then went to Brussels Conservatoire in 1904
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine, her sisters Vera & Charlotte, & Aunt Belle visited the Continent
(Image: Katherine's eldest sister Vera, 1905-06)
Alexander Turnbull Library
They saw the Trowell brothers perform in Brussels in March 1906
Katherine also saw Garnet’s début London performance at the Westminster Palace Hotel on 3 July 1906
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine met up with former NZ classmate Maata Mahupuku in London who'd been at a finishing school in Paris since 1904
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Maata & her chaperone Miss Turton then returned to NZ. Both kept diaries about each other, & Katherine wrote 'Maata'.
The story 'Maata' was not published which later led Pat Lawlor to write `The Mystery of Maata' (1946) to understand why
Wellington City Libraries
Katherine kept writing in her notebooks & began semi-autobiographical 'Juliet' novel which she never finished
(Image: Notebook: 1904-1907 which contains poems, songs & prose)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's father opposed her becoming a professional cellist, 1906
Katherine kept writing to her cousin Lulu & in April 1906 said her father opposed her becoming a professional cellist
Consequently, she saw "my hope for a musical career is absolutely gone", but still continued to play the cello
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
3. Katherine lived with her family in Wellington, Dec 1906 - June 1908
3(a) Parents collected Katherine & her two sisters from London to return to NZ
In June 1906, at the end of the school term, Harold & Annie arrived in London to collect their 3 daughters
Alexander Turnbull Library
Harold also attended 6th Congress of Chambers of Commerce of the Empire (10-12 July) & was received by King Edward VII
Nelson Provincial Museum
Katherine was reluctant to leave but her parents insisted, & they arrived at Wellington on the Corinthic on 6 Dec 1906
Aunt Belle remained behind with her husband to reside at Melrose, Upper Warlingham in Surrey
Alexander Turnbull Library
During the 6-week voyage via Cape Town, Katherine wrote in her notebook of her clashes with her parents
Also on board were MCC cricketeers & her diary also records a crush on one of the team. (Image: Notebook: May-Dec 1906)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine lived back at Tinakori Road & family also had holiday house at Days Bay
In Dec 1906, Katherine & her 2 older sisters were back living at Tinakori Road with their family
Wellington City Council Archives
The family also holidayed at their cottage at Days Bay near Mirimar which was bought that year by Harold
As there was no road access, they reached the Bay by sailing across Lambton Harbour on The Duke or The Duchess
Alexander Turnbull Library
Beauchamp family moved to 47 Fitzherbert Terrace in 1907
In April 1907, when Harold became the Chairman of BNZ, the family moved into a larger house at 47 Fitzherald Terrace
They'd leased it for 3 years from John Duncan who was leaving on 17 April with his wife & daughter to visit London
Alexander Turnbull Library
The family home had a ballroom & a music room with a piano & chairs; gardens; & croquet lawns
Alexander Turnbull Library
Annie entertained regularly with her children playing music which was reported in the gossip columns of local papers
(Wairarapa Times (30 April 1907, p.3): Vera played piano, Katherine the cello, Mr Trowell the violin & Charlotte sang)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Annie Beauchamp with her nephew Brian Derry and one of his cousins, c.1907
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine with her brother Leslie, 1907
After attending Miss Swainson’s preparatory school in Fitzherbert Terrace, Leslie then attended Wellington College
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine joined a theatrical group & continued to play cello with her former teacher Thomas Trowell
She played cello at private gatherings & a public concert with Thomas
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine formed friendships, took camping trips & kept writing during 1907
Early 1907, Katherine went on a month-long camping trip with friends around the Hawkes Bay region
She had been encouraged by her father Harold to spend time out of Wellington as she was becoming bored
Alexander Turnbull Library
When back in Wellington, Katherine began to form a close bond with artist Edith (Edie) Kathleen Bendall (b.1879-1986)
Edie had trained at Wellington Technical College; held 1st painting exhbit in 1904; then had further training in Sydney
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Edie had set up a studio near Beauchamp's house after being an illustrator for Sydney Morning Herald for past 2 years
Katherine had met Edie when she decided to visit the studio. (Image: Christmas card illustrated by Edie in later years)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine & Edie went on walks & visited Beauchamp's cottage at Days Bay where collaborated on book of children's verse
Katherine wrote the words which Edie illustrated & they sent it to an American publisher but didn't get a reply
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine also met up again with Maata Mahupuku who became engaged to farmer George McGregor during 1907
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Katherine's father initiated receiving advice on a writing career & publication of stories
During 1907, Katherine's father asked Wellington journalist Tom Mills for advice on a writing career for Katherine
Mills was a literary critic for “New Zealand Mail", “New Zealand Times,” & “Evening Post" & overseas publications
National Library of New Zealand
Tom Mills later recounted his meetings with Katherine who shared 3 poems & 6 stories; & advice he gave on publishing
(Article in 'The New Zealand Railways Magazine', 1 Sept 1933)
Victoria University of Wellington
Mills helped arrange for her stories to be published in Australia's monthly 'Native Companion' for which she was paid
When Harold heard the editor E.J. Brady doubted the stories' authenticity, he wrote to confirm writer was his daughter
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Published were: 'Vignettes' (5 short items) by 'K. Mansfield' (1 Oct 1907); 'Silhouettes' (1 Nov) & 'In a café' (1 Dec)
Her story ‘In the Botanical Gardens' (2 Dec 1907) was published under the pseudonym 'Julian Mark'
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine joined friends on camping trip during Nov-Dec 1907
Later from mid-Nov until mid-Dec, Katherine & friend Mille Parker joined camping trip in Napier-Taupō-Urerewa regions
Katherine & Millie went by train to Hastings; were joined by group of friends, & went by coach to Napier & onwards
Hawke's Bay Knowledge Bank
The camping trip travelled from Napier through Te Urerewa region to south of Whakatāne
Alexander Turnbull Library
20 Nov 1907: Letter written by Katherine to her mother from Waipuna Riverside during camping holiday
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine with a group at Te Whaiti, near Te Urerewa
Her impressions of her camping holiday were encapsulated in 'The woman at the store' short story published in 1912
Alexander Turnbull Library
Afterwards, Katherine visited her friend Edie who was staying at Napier; then returned for home on 17 Dec
Katherine recorded the camping trip in 'The Urewera Notebook' which was published by the Oxford University Press in 1978
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1906-1907: Beauchamp family photograph album which includes the camping trip and earlier photos
Alexander Turnbull Library
3(b) Katherine's professional aspirations switched from music to a literary career
In 1908, Katherine studied typing & bookkeeping at Wellington Technical College, & kept writing poems & stories
(Image: Katherine with her brother Leslie (on left) & cousin Brian Derry in Wellington, c.1908)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine continued to read widely, & her father also acquired reading rights for her at the General Assembly Library
After attending Technical College, she went to the Library daily until 5pm & recorded books read in Library's logbook
Alexander Turnbull Library
In her Notebook, she recorded her frustration with finding few people who shared her literary interests, unlike London
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & Maata continued to correspond after Maata (also called Carlotta by Katherine) married George on 5 Dec 1907
After marrying at St Luke's Church, Greytown; Maata & George McGregor began living at Wanganui
Auckland Libraries
Katherine recorded in her notebooks her feelings for Maata & Edie, & various flirtations with men
(In a letter to a cousin, Katherine claimed to have received five proposals of marriage)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In April 1908, Mr & Mrs Trowell & their daughter Dolly moved to London to be reunited with the twins Arnold & Garnet
Katherine had kept in touch with Mr Trowell before his departure & wrote to the Trowells after they arrived in London
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 6 June 1908, Katherine's poem 'The Lonesome Child' was published in the Dominion (p.11)
The following month, her story 'Study: The Death of a Rose’ was published in the Triad (1 July 1908, p.35)
Victoria University of Wellington
4. Katherine lived permanently in England & Europe
from mid-1908 - 1923
4(a) Katherine sailed to London to pursue her literary career, July 1908
Katherine, with help of friend Ida Baker, persuaded her father to allow her to go to London to pursue a literary career
Katherine was farewelled at a bridge party by Mrs Deans & garden party by Lady Ward (Premier's wife) & her daughter
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 6 July 1908, aged 19, Katherine sailed on 'Papanui' for London & boarded at Beauchamp Lodge near Regent's Canal
Father had given £100 annual allowance & the Lodge, which was a hostel for music students, cost 30 shillings rent weekly
Auckland Libraries
4(b) Katherine had an affair with Garnet Trowell & became pregnant
Katherine visited the Trowells at their new home in London & found her affections for Arnold weren't returned
Arnold had begun a relationship with one of Katherine's friends from Queen’s College
Auckland Libraries
Katherine then turned her attention to Arnold's twin brother Garnet & they began an affair
(Image: A notebook includes a letter to Garnet dated 21 Oct 1908)
Alexander Turnbull Library
She attended stage performances in the West End with Garnet, & acted in skits as paid entertainment at soirees
Garnet also toured with the Moody-Manners Opera Company & they'd meet up in-between tours
Auckland Libraries
Mr & Mr Trowell disapproved of their relationship & Garnet broke it off in early 1909, by when Katherine was pregnant
Whether or not Garnet & his parents were aware of the pregnancy was unknown
National Library of New Zealand
Two stories published in NZ: Dec 1908 - Jan 1909
Two stories were published in NZ. ‘Almost a Tragedy: The Cars on Lambton Quay’ [Unsigned], 'Dominion' (23 Dec 1908, p.1)
‘The Education of Audrey’ influenced by Oscar Wilde appeared in 'The Evening Post' (30 Jan 1909, p.12)
Auckland Libraries
4(c) Katherine married George Bowden in March 1909; then left him soon after
Katherine then met George Bowden who proposed & they wed on 2 March 1909 at the Paddington Register Office
George was a singing & elocution teacher who was 11 years older & unaware of her pregnancy
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine, who wore black & invited Ida Baker as the witness at the registry, left George soon after the wedding
She was said to have left that evening or next day. After staying with Ida Baker, she had a brief reunion with George.
Victoria University of Wellington
On hearing of the failed marriage, Annie arrived in London on 27 May 1909 & decided to take Katherine away to Bavaria
Annie had met with George who believed Ida's influence on Katherine impacted on the marriage, & decided to separate them
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
4(d) Katherine stayed in Bavaria from May 1909 where she miscarried
Katherine was taken by Annie to Bad Wörishofen, a spa town in Bavaria, to recuperate, & she later miscarried in June
Annie had left her at the spa & returned to London, where she left by ship for NZ on 10 June
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
The brevity & breakdown of Katherine's marriage led Annie to make a codicil to her will on 13 Aug 1909 to disinherit her
Katherine's father continued to pay Katherine an annual allowance & increased it over the years to £300 per annum
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
Katherine stayed on in Bavaria for 6 months & visited Germany & Holland which she wrote of in her letters (see image)
At Bad Wörishofen, Katherine became socially involved with a group of central European émigrés who were mostly Polish
Alexander Turnbull Library
She met Polish literary critic Floryan Sobieniowski (b.1881) who encouraged reading Russian authors, & became lovers
She wrote 'The child who was tired' story using a plot from Chekhov & continued to write poetry. (See image of poem)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's sister Vera, after returning from staying with relatives in Sydney in July 1908, lived in Wellington
Society columns in newspapers reported her presence at afternoon teas, balls & dinners
Auckland Libraries
On 23 Sept 1909, Vera met & married Canadian geologist James Bell (b.1877) in Wellington & later lived in Canada
They moved to Canada just prior to WWI & raised 2 sons - Andrew (b.1912-1976) & John (b.1914-1996). James died in 1934.
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 21 Dec 1909, Katherine's artist friend Edie Bendall married George Robison, a Wellington College schoolmaster
Edie kept painting & exhibiting until her 90s & passed away in 1986 aged 107
National Library of New Zealand
c.1909: Katherine's brother Leslie who had switched from Wellington College to Waitaki Boy's High (1908-1910)
As well as his classroom studies, he was involved in athletics & played cricket, rugby, & tennis
Alexander Turnbull Library
Poems published in Australia & London during Oct 1909 - Feb 1010
One of her poems, 'A day in bed' with a drawing by "I.R", appeared in Australian periodical 'Lone Hand' on 1 Oct 1909
Her poem ‘November’ appeared in the 'Daily News' (3 Nov 1909) & 'The Pillar Box’ in the 'Pall Mall Magazine' (Feb 1910)
Victoria University of Wellington
4(e) Katherine returned to London, Jan 1910
In Jan 1910, Katherine returned to London after changing her mind about being with Floryan who was awaiting her in Paris
She resided at the Strand Palace Hotel & also stayed briefly with George Bowden to whom she was still married
Victoria University of Wellington
First story to be published in England, Feb 1910
Katherine was introduced to Alfred Orage (editor of 'The New Age') & co-editor Beatrice Hastings by George Bowden
The weekly journal featured literature & the arts, politics, spiritualisim & economics; & office was near Chancery Lane
Hastings District Libraries
Katherine's 1st story published in England appeared in 'The New Age' (24 Feb 1910): 'The-Child-Who-Was-Tired'
Another 11 of her stories, as well as poems, were published in the journal over the next 18 months by Orage
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine became unwell & recuperated with Ida Baker in Sussex, March - June 1910
In March 1910, Katherine underwent surgery following an attack of peritonitis
The operation to remove a Fallopian tube resulted in her unable to have children
Alexander Turnbull Library
After her operation, Katherine went to recuperate with Ida Baker at Rottingdean in Sussex
That same year, Ida's father & her younger brother Oswald (b.1892) moved from London to live in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In June 1910, she recorded in her Letters — “this is the First Picture Showing Some Character.” K.M.
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine returned to London in Summer 1910 & family visited in Summer 2011
In Summer 1910, Katherine returned to London & house-sat a flat at Cheyne Walk in Sussex
She kept in contact with Anglo-German community & had brief affair with journalist/playwright Sils-Vara (Geza Silberer)
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
In Autumn 1910, she met & befriended art & music teacher William Orton (b.1889) at tennis party held by German scientist
Orton later included a chapter on Katherine in his fictionalised auobiography 'The Last Romantic' [1937]
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
In Jan 1911, Katherine moved to 69 Clovelly Mansions in Gray’s Inn Road
She increasingly moved in a circle of writers & also used Russian variations of her name, such as Katya & Katerina
National Library of New Zealand
Katherine's family visited during King George V's coronation on 22 June 1911 & Ida spent couple of months in Rhodesia
Her friend Ida Baker had gone to visit her father and brother who'd been residing in Rhodesia since 1910
Auckland Libraries
Katherine published 1st collection of short stories in Dec 1911
On 11 Dec 1911, Katherine's first collection 'In a German pension' was published by Stephen Swift & Co Ltd
All but 3 of the 13 stories about her Bavarian experiences were originally published in Orage's 'The New Age'
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
4(f) Katherine met John Middleton Murry in Dec 1911 & they began living together
Katherine met Murry after submitting a story to his 'Rhythm' journal
In Dec 1911, Katherine sent a story ‘The Woman at the Store’ to the editor of 'Rhythm' journal, John Middleton Murry
Murry & Michael Sadleir (Oxford undergraduates) had begun the quarterly journal in June 1911 with St Catherine Press
Alexander Turnbull Library
Idea for 'Rhythm' arose in 1910 when Murry met Scottish painter John Duncan Fergusson in Paris who became the art editor
Murry, visiting Paris during his Oxford studies to see Post-Impressionist art, had discussed rhythm in art with John
National Library of New Zealand
22 year old Murry, impressed with Katherine's story, arranged with a mutual friend W.L. George to meet at a dinner party
'Rhythm' reviewed modern art, literature, music, & theatre; & included works by Picasso, Rupert Brooke & Francis Carco
Victoria University of Wellington
In April 1912, Murry left Oxford Univ & moved to Katherine's flat as a lodger; then lived together as a couple
He'd stayed in “the Buddha room” at 7s.6d a month. (Katherine, aged 23, was still legally married to George Bowden.)
Auckland Libraries
By 4th quarterly issue, Murry was £100 in debt as was liable to the publisher for unsold copies; & he changed publisher
He agreed to Katherine's suggestion to use her publisher, Charles Granville of Stephen Swift & Co & began monthly issues
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Katherine involved with editing the 'Rhythm' journal, June 1912
In June 1912, 1st monthly issue of 'Rhythm' was released. Katherine was the assistant editor & also contributed content.
She then ceased contributing to 'The New Age'. NZ's 'Fielding Star' noted her involvement with "art journal" 'Rhythm'.
National Library of New Zealand
From July 1912, “Polish correspondent” was Floryan (Katherine's lover in 1909) who'd gone to London in 1912 seeking work
Other foreign correspondents were in France, Russia & USA; & 'Rhythm' was also distributed by international agents
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
When Murry & Katherine visited Paris, he introduced US artist Anne Estelle Rice who was a chief illustrator for 'Rhythm'
Anne (b.1877) painted her portrait after marrying English art & theatre critic Raymond Drey in 1913 & moving to England
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
In Sept 1912, Murry & Katherine rented Runcton Cottage near Chichester; & learnt their publisher Granville was bankrupt
In Oct, Granville left for Europe leaving Murry with a further debt of £400 for 'Rhythm'. (Average circulation = 250)
John Kinder Theological Library
They returned to Chancery Lane & tried to keep 'Rhythm' afloat with Martin Secker as publisher & revenue from adverts
To pay printing, she used her annual allowance from her father; & some writers & artists offered work for free
Auckland Libraries
Katherine continued to write content; they spent Christmas in Paris; & she became Associate Editor in Feb 1913
Some of her poems had the pseudonym Boris Petrovsky & her stories included the NZ-themed 'Ole Underwood' & 'Millie'
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine stayed at Buckinghamshire for health reasons & 'Rhythm' ceased, March 1913
March 1913: Due to ill-health, Katherine rented at Buckinghamshire & Murry visited weekends
During the week, Murry stayed at their small apartment in Chancery Lane which was also their office for the 'Rhythm'
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 15 March 1913, last issue of 'Rhythm' (Vol II, No. XIV) was published, & Floryan sought her financial help
No longer "Polish correspondent", he revealed he'd kept their love letters but she placated him from blackmailing her
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Launched monthly 'The Blue Review' (May-July 1913) & met Frieda & D.H. Lawrence
May 1913: Murry launched the monthly 'The Blue Review' with Katherine as Associate Editor & Martin Secker as publisher
They'd obtained c.£100 funding from arts patron Sir Edward Marsh whom they'd befriended when living at Chichester
Victoria University of Wellington
Meanwhile, Katherine's sister Charlotte (Chaddie) married London-born Lt-Col John Perkins in Wellington on 26 May 1913
They lived in India where he was Deputy Auditor General of Military Accounts until he died on 27 Feb 1916
National Library of New Zealand
In June 1913, Katherine & Murry met D.H. Lawrence & Frieda Weekley to discuss publishing in 'The Blue Review'
Frieda was a German author who'd married Ernest Weekly in 1899 & had 3 children; met D.H. in March 1912 & they'd eloped
Alexander Turnbull Library
A couple of weeks later, D.H. & Frieda stayed near Katherine & Murry's cottage in Buckinghamshire; then went to Europe
They corresponded & invited Katherine & Murry to stay with them in Europe, but they declined
Alexander Turnbull Library
In July 1913, the 'Blue Review' ceased after its third issue, due to finances
Contributors had included D. H. Lawrence ('The Soiled Rose'), Max Beerbohm, Walter de la Mare, & Hugh Walpole
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & Murry lived in London (mid-1913) & then Paris (Dec 1913 - early 1914)
In mid-1913, Katherine & Murry returned to London & moved from Chancery Lane to a larger apartment in Kensington
(Photo of Katherine in her flat in Chaucer Mansions at Baron's Court in the Queen's Club Gardens, West Kensington)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Murry worked as a freelance journalist to cover their living expenses & quarterly payment of debts owing to 'Rhythm'
Katherine didn't find her surroundings enhanced her writing but managed to complete the opening chapters of 'Maata'
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
In Dec 1913, Murry & Katherine moved to Paris to focus more on their writing & stayed at 31 Rue de Tournon on Left Bank
Murry continued to work as a freelance journalist & make quarterly payment of debts for 'Rhythm'
Tauranga City Libraries
Murry & Katherine returned from Paris to London, early 1914
In Feb 1914, Murry was declared bankrupt & he obtained a job in London as Westminster Gazette's art critic
Katherine wrote only one story in Paris, ‘Something Childish But Very Natural’ (1st published in 'The Adelphi', 1924)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine briefly stayed on in Paris to sell their furniture with help of Murry's friend, the novelist Francis Carco
Furniture sale was to pay fine for breaking lease. Ida sent £5 torn in half in 2 envelopes to avoid postal theft.
Alexander Turnbull Library
After rejoining Murry, in April they moved to Fulham (102 Edith Grove) & then to Chelsea (111 Arthur St) in July 1914
Alexander Turnbull Library
Meanwhile, in late March 1914, Ida Baker had travelled to Rhodesia to assist her father; & stayed until autumn of 1916
Her father was being looked after by Ida's older sister Mary (May) who was about to be married
Digital Public Library of America
Katherine & Murry reacquainted with Frieda & D.H. Lawrence during WWI
In early July 1914, Katherine & Murry invited D.H. & Frieda, who'd returned to London, to dinner at their home
D.H.'s novel 'Sons and lovers' had been released to acclaim during 1913 & he was wanting to publish 'The Wedding Ring'
National Library of New Zealand
On 13 July 1914, they attended London registry wedding of D.H. & Frieda who was divorced from Ernest Weekley on 29 May
Frieda gave her former wedding ring to Katherine who wore it daily (Image: L-R: Murry, Frieda & D.H. Lawrence)
Alexander Turnbull Library
After outbreak of WWI on 4 Aug, Lawrences stayed in England at Buckinghamshire, & Katherine & Murry moved there in Oct
Katherine & Murry rented Rose Tree Cottage which was three miles away from D.H. & Frieda
Alexander Turnbull Library
They met D.H. & Frieda's literary guests, including Samuel Koteliansky who befriended Katherine & began corresponding
Koteliansky (1880-1955) was an Ukrainan Jew who arrived in England in 1911 & translated Russian literature into English
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine became lonely with Murry spending time with D.H. & she began writing to novelist friend Francis Carco in Paris
When at Buckinghamshire, Katherine wrote very little with only one known completed story, 'Brave Love'
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & Murry saw that Frieda & D.H. had a fractious relationship at times which created tension during their visits
(Frieda was unable to see her 3 children due to divorce provisions of adultery & D.H. was unsympathetic at times to her)
Alexander Turnbull Library
4(g) During WWI, brother Leslie served in England & France, & died on 7 Oct 1915
Katherine's brother Leslie enlisted in Dec 1914 & arrived in London
Katherine continued to correspond with her family living in Wellington, including her sister Jeanne & brother Leslie
(Image: 1914: Katherine's younger sister Jeanne)
Alexander Turnbull Library
After WWI began Aug 1914, her brother Leslie wanted to enlist but their father only gave his permission in Dec 1914
(He wanted to join Expeditionary Force to Samoa, but was dissuaded as his mother was ill; & she then gave her consent.)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Their father arranged for Leslie to travel to London on a Tyser steamer & he kept a diary aboard
(His diary & other personal papers, including letters, are held by the Alexander Turnbull Library in Wellington.)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Within a fortnight of arriving, Leslie joined 8th Battalion of South Lancashire Regiment & received 6 months training
He began officer training at Balliol College in Oxford in Feb, followed by courses at Bournemouth, Aldershot & London
Alexander Turnbull Library
Leslie loaned Katherine money for short trip to Paris during Feb 2015
In Feb 1915, Leslie loaned Katherine money for short trip to Paris during which she saw Francis Carco & had an affair
Carco was staying in a flat near the Quai des Fleurs in Paris and was serving with the French army
Alexander Turnbull Library
When in Paris, Katherine corresponded with Frieda Lawrence & with Murry who'd remained at Buckinghamshire
(Image: Jan-Mar 1915; Diary entries & draft letters from Katherine to Frieda [20 Feb], & Murry {c. 20 Feb]
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine returned home to Murry on 25 Feb & later fictionalised her affair in her story ‘An Indiscreet Journey’
She had another trip to Paris in March to stimulate her writing & wrote 'The Little Governess’ story & began 'The Aloe'
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine continued to correspond with Samuel Koteliansky & described her surroundings in Buckinghamshire
He had obtained Murry’s assistance to publish works by Russian authors in English, to which Katherine assisted
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine & Murry moved from Buckinghamshire to London in June 1915
In June 1915, Katherine and Murry decided to leave Buckinghamshire & returned London
(In a letter to a friend, Katherine commented she had rheumatism & planned to return to London for the Summer)
Victoria University of Wellington
Murry was appointed a reviewer for Times Literary Supplement & they moved to 5 Acacia Road in St. John's Wood, London
Katherine had also received an increase in her allowance from her father, & they lived in a house that had a garden
National Library of New Zealand
Leslie visited Katherine during Aug before being sent to France where he died on 7 Oct 1915
In Aug 1915, during his military training, Leslie visited Katherine & Murry at their house at St. John’s Wood
They spent hours under the garden's pear tree sharing memories. (Image: Letter to Leslie after their last meeting)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Leslie was sent to France In Sept 1915, where he died on 7 Oct 1915 aged 21 when a grenade exploded in his hand
Auckland Libraries
Leslie was buried north of the Armentières, near the French border with Belgium
Alexander Turnbull Library
NZOnScreen (2016): Great War Stories 3 - Leslie Beauchamp (4:14 mins)
This episode recounts Leslie's upbringing & involvement in WWI through the memories of Katherine
NZ On Screen
Murry, Katherine & D.H. Lawrence published 'Signature' magazine, 4 Oct - 1 Nov 1915
During 4 Oct - 1 Nov 1915, three issues of 'The Signature' magazine were published by Murry, Katherine & D.H. Lawrence
The short-lived magazine included stories by all three. It was sold by subscription but sales were poor.
Alexander Turnbull Library
Leslie's visits had inspired Katherine's story 'Autumns II' which appeared in 1st issue under pseudonym 'Matilda Berry'
After his death, it was revised as 'The wind blows' in 'The Athenaeum' (4 Oct 1920) & 'Bliss and other stories' (1920)
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine's story 'The little governess' was published in two parts in the 2d & 3rd issues under her pseudonym
It was later included in 'Bliss and other stories' (1920).
Victoria University of Wellington
4(h) Katherine & Murry moved to Bandol in South of France, Nov 1915 - June 1916
Still upset by her brother's death, Katherine & Murry decided to move away to Bandol in south of France in Nov 1915
Katherine felt she could no longer stay in their home at St. John's Wood as it held memories of her brother visiting
Alexander Turnbull Library
When relations between Katherine & Murry became strained, he left for London on 7 Dec 1915 while she stayed in a hotel
Katherine received a letter of sympathy from D.H. Lawrence consoling her for Leslie’s death
Victoria University of Wellington
Murry spent Xmas at Garsington Manor near Oxford as Lady Ottoline Morrell's guest & met visitors from Bloomsbury Group
The Manor was bought earlier in 1915, & visitors included Bertrand Russell, Lytton Strachey & art critic Clive Bell
Digital Public Library of America
A lonely Katherine wrote to Murry & he rejoined her on 31 Dec 1915 at Bandol where they stayed for the next 3.5 months
They'd moved to Villa Pauline & he began his book on Dostoevsky whose novels she then read & resumed work on 'The Aloe'
Victoria University of Wellington
4(i) Katherine & Murry returned to England, April 1916
Moved to Cornwall near Frieda & D.H. Lawrence, April - Sept 1916
In Jan 1916, D.H. began writing to Katherine & Murry to join them in Cornwall where he & Frieda had moved in Dec 1915
They eventually agreed to leave their house 'Villa Pauline' at Bandol to join them in April
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 27 Feb 1916, Katherine's brother-in-law John Perkins passed away in India & her sister Chaddie moved to England
Chaddie then lived by herself at 'Woodhay' house in Lyndhurst, Hampshire bought for her by her father Harold
National Library of New Zealand
In April 1916, Katherine & Murry moved to an empty cottage next to the Lawrences at Higher Tregerthen, Zennor
Katherine disliked the stony countryside & found constant quarrelling between the Lawrences unsettling for her writing
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
An unhappy Katherine continued to write to Koteliansky & she met with him during trips to London without Murry
Victoria University of Wellington
In June 1916, Kathryn & Murry shifted 30 miles away to Mylor village on south coast after D.H. had outbursts with Murry
D.H.'s differences of opinion, including on Murry & Katherine's relationship, cooled their friendship with Lawrences
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine visited London & Lady Ottoline Morrell at Garsington Manor near Oxford who was frequented by Bloomsbury circle
Katherine befriended Lytton Strachey, Ottoline Morrell, Dorothy Brett, Dora Carrington, Bertram Russell, & others
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & Murry returned to London (Sept 1916) & sociallsed with Bloomsbury group
In Sept 1916, Katherine & Murry returned to London where Murry had been appointed to the War Office
Murry worked as editor, translator & reviewer of the Daily Review of the Foreign Press
Auckland Libraries
Katherine & Murry took up lodgings at 3 Gower St, Bloomsbury with two painters they'd met at Garsington
They stayed on the ground floor of the house where Dorothy Brett lived on 2nd floor & Dora Carrington in the attic
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
In Nov 1916, Katherine was introduced by Lytton Strachey to Virgina Woolf - a fellow Bloomsbury friend & writer
Virgina had read Katherine's writings & described Katherine as "dogged my steps for three years"
Auckland Libraries
Katherine continued to write & be published
In Feb 1917, Katherine moved to a one-room studio at 141a Church St in Chelsea & Murry lodged nearby at 47 Redcliffe St
Katherine felt that she needed a quieter place to be able to focus on her writing & Murry would often visit at dinner
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Ida Baker, who'd returned from visiting family in Rhodesia for last 2 years, was a frequent guest & ended up staying
Ida left her apartment to stay with Katherine where she slept behind a curtain. (Image: Brooch both found in a store)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine re-established contact with editor Alfred Orage & contributed to his 'The New Age' in April for next 10 months
She wrote 6 'fragments', 5 comic dialogues & 3 stories:'Mr Reginald Peacock’s Day', 'An Album Leaf' & 'A Dill Pickle'
Alexander Turnbull Library
Her story 'Mr Reginald Peacock's Day' was said to be a caricature of George Bowden to whom she was still legally married
The story was published in 'The New Age' on 14 June 1917
Wikipedia
Virginia & Leonard Woolf invited Katherine to publish a story on their Hogarth Press they'd set up at home in July 1917
In Aug 1917, Katherine wrote to Virginia acknowledging their common literary interests as writers
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine began revising 'The Aloe' which she had started in Bandol in 1915, & renamed it 'Prelude'
The story was based on the Beauchamps moving to Karori and depicted her mother as the pregnant Linda Burrell
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine diagnosed with tuberculosis (Dec 1917) & rested at Bandol (Jan-March 1918)
Katherine caught a chill at Garsington in Nov 1917; returned to London & diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in Dec 1917
Her London doctor advised rest and sunshine as a cure, & recommended to go abroad to avoid the English winter
Victoria University of Wellington
On 7 Jan 1918, Katherine set off alone to stay at Bandol in France as Murry's wartime work prevented him going
She stayed at the Hotel Beau Rivage which had few guests due to the war & wrote of her loneliness to Murry
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine was joined a couple of weeks later by Ida Baker & had her first lung haemorrhage which frightened her
Katherine completed 3 stories: 'Jen ne parle pas Francais' (about her loneliness); and ‘Sun and Moon’ & 'Bliss'
Victoria University of Wellington
In March 1918, they left by train for Paris where stayed 3 weeks due to German bombing & arrived in London on 11 April
Katherine's London doctor recommended she enter a sanatorium but she chose to cure herself at home
Alexander Turnbull Library
4(j) Katherine & John Middleton Murry married on 3 May 1918
On 29 April 1918, Katherine's divorce from George Bowden was finalised & she married Murry on 3 May 1918
Witnesses at South Kensington Registery were Murry's friend Scottish painter John Duncan Fergusson & Dorothy Brett
Alexander Turnbull Library
Two weeks later Katherine was unwell & rested at Heartland Hotel in Looe, Cornwall near Anne & Raymond Drey for 6 weeks
Anne painted her portrait on 17 June & signed it using maiden name 'Rice' professonally. (Portrait now held by Te Papa.)
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine continued to correspond with Bloomsbury friends, including Frieda, & re-established contact with Koteliansky
She began helping Koteliansky's translation of Russian works, including etters by Chekhov who'd died in 1904
Victoria University of Wellington
Meanwhile, in July 1918 'Prelude' was published on Woolf's handpress set up on their dining table at Hogarth House
In August 1918, Katherine's short story 'Bliss’ was published in 'The English Review' (pp.108-119)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine's mother Annie died on 8 Aug 1918
The health of Katherine's mother Annie began to deteriorate and she died in Wellington on 8 August 1918 aged 54
A private internment was held at the Karori Cemetery
Alexander Turnbull Library
Soon afterwards, Murry & Katherine moved to a leased house at Hampstead & employed 3 domestic staff & Ida as housekeeper
(Image: Katherine with Murry (centre) & his brother Richard at 2 Portland Villas, Hampstead, London, c.1919)
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 14 August 1918, in her letter to Dorothy Brett, Katherine described how her mother's death was an immense blow
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine becomes increasingly unwell, & father Harold & sister Jeanne visit
On 7 Sept 1918, Katherine's story, 'Carnation' was published in 'The Nation'
It was her only story written when staying with Lawrences. (Also pub. in 'Something Childish and other Stories', 1924)
Victoria University of Wellington
As she was still unwell, on 12 Oct 1918 her father sent a lung specialist who advised a sanitorium, but she disagreed
The next day, she wrote to "Anne Estelle Rice" about the specialist's advice & her negative reaction to the sanitorium
Victoria University of Wellington
In Nov, Virginia Woolf visited after writing to Katherine & receiving a reply sent on 1 Nov
Virginia wrote in her diary: "Katherine was up, but husky and feeble, crawling about the room like an old woman"
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine sought advice of Dr Victor Sorapura whom Anne Rice had introduced in Sept & he began treatment in Jan 1919
He'd diagnosed gonorrhoea not rheumatism she thought she had. (On 13 Jan 1919, she wrote to Anne about Dr's advice)
Victoria University of Wellington
With the end of WWI on 11 Nov 1918, Murry's role in War Office ceased & he became editor of 'The Athenaeum' in Feb 1919
He'd risen to the role of Chief Censor at War Office. (NZ article (9 Nov 1920) about Murry including his editorial role)
National Library of New Zealand
In April 1919, Katherine was appointed fiction reviewer & also published Koteliansky's translations of Chekov's letters
(Image: April-July 1919: Scrapbook - includes poems, prose, book reviews (annotated), & letter from H M Tomlinson)
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 29 June 1919, father Harold & sister Jeanne sailed to London to visit Katherine, Chaddie & relatives from Aug-Dec
In her letter of 13 Aug, Katherine wrote to Anne Rice about her health & that her father would be arriving tomorrow
Victoria University of Wellington
5. Katherine travelled to Europe seeking a cure for her illness, Sept 1919 -
In Sept 1919, Katherine began visiting Europe for a cure, as seen from the entries in her passport issued on 4 Sept 1919
Meanwhile, father Harold & sister Jeanne spent next couple of months visiting Chaddie at Woodhay & Beauchamp relatives
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine & Ida went to Italy in Sept, & Harold visited in Nov before returning to NZ
Katherine kept a journal of her travels to Italy (Sept 1919-Jan 1920) & then to Menton, returning home in April 1920
She stayed with Ida Baker in Italy; then they went to Menton in France near her cousin Connie Beauchamp
Victoria University of Wellington
In Sept 1919, Katherine & Ida stayed in Italy at San Remo with Murry & then went to Ospedaletti after he returned home
Meanwhile, Virginia Woollf became upset by Katherine's critical review of new 'Night & day' novel in 'Athenaeum' in Nov
MTG Hawke's Bay
On 12 Nov 1919, Harold & his cousin Connie & her friend Jinnie Fullerton visited Ospedaletti; & Murry visited in mid-Dec
Katherine's sister Jeanne had stayed behind to live with sister Chaddie at Woodhay; & Harold returned to NZ on his own
Victoria University of Wellington
On 5 Jan 1920, the day after returning to NZ, Harold married Laura Kate Bright (née Newton) at Auckland Registry Office
Laura (b.1856) was former friend of Katherine's mother Annie & had married Louis Bright in 1881. (Image: Harold in 1919)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In Jan 1920, Katherine's ‘Je ne parle pas français’ was published by Heron Press set up by Murry & brother Richard
In April 1920, a review in the 'Athenaeum' described Katherine as ‘The Story-Writing Genius’
Wikipedia
Katherine & Ida invited to Menton by Connie Beauchamp, Jan - April 1920
In Jan 1920, Katherine accepted cousin Connie's invite to stay at Menton & went with Ida but was unwell in first 3 weeks
After resting at L'Hermitage clinic, she rejoined Connie (In front wth Mrs Dunare behind, & Jinnie Fullerton at back)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Connie Beauchamp ran a nursing home in England & spent winters at Menton with friend Jinnie where both owned villas
(Image: Katherine & another woman reclining beside some rocks with a parasol at Menton near Connie's Villa Flora)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In April 1920, Katherine & Ida returned to London; and Katherine & Murry spent summer there
In March 1920, Murry had bought a Coroner 3 typewriter for £15 15s 0d which she also used to write for the Athenaeum
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
After spending Summer in London, Katherine & Ida returned to Menton, Sept 1920 - April 1921
In Sept 1920, an unwell Katherine returned to Menton in France with Ida & they were joined by Murry at Christmas
Meanwhile, sisters Chaddie & Jeanne left London to holiday in NZ & sailed during first week of March 1921 back to London
Alexander Turnbull Library
When staying at Menton, Katherine rested (photos were taken by Ida) & also sought medical advice from Dr Bouchage
Katherine & Ida had rented the Villa Isola Bella from Jinnie who stayed nearby with friend Connie at Villa Flora
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine Mansfield standing in the garden at the Villa Isola Bella, Menton, France
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine Mansfield in the gardens of the Villa Isola Bella, Menton, France
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine Mansfield at Menton
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
Katherine Mansfield in the garden at Villa Isola Bella, Menton, France
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine Mansfield standing in the garden at the Villa Isola Bella at Menton, France
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine Mansfield's bedroom, Villa Isola Bella, Menton, France
Alexander Turnbull Library
In Nov, Katherine became aware of Murry's "mild flirtation" with Princess Bibesco (b.1897) who'd joined Bloomsbury group
(Article: Elizabeth Asquith (ex-British PM's daughter) had married Prince Bibesco (Romanian diplomat) in April 1919)
National Library of New Zealand
Upset, Katherine wrote letters to Murry; then resigned as reviewer on 8 Dec, after which he decided to join her for Xmas
She felt too lacking in energy to help revitalise the Athenaeum whose sales had reduced due to rival publications
Alexander Turnbull Library
After they reconciled, Murry decided to stay on at Menton & resigned as Athenaeum's editor
(During 1921, Athenaeum merged with The Nation to become 'The Nation and Athenaeum'.)
Alexander Turnbull Library
When Murry began receiving letters from Princess Elizabeth Bibsco, Katherine wrote on 24 March 1921 asking her to desist
She explained that writing "litte love letters" whilst Murry & Katherine lived together was inappropriate. (Image: 1921)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Still unwell, Katherine kept seeing Dr Bouchage & Ida went in March to London to pack up the house leased in Hampstead
Murry & Katherine had decided to cease leasing the house where they'd stayed with Ida as housekeeper since Aug 1918
Alexander Turnbull Library
Whist staying at Menton, Katherine continued to write
Aided by Ida, Katherine continued to write reviews & short stories at the Villa Isola Bella in Menton
Stories included 'The daughters of the late colonel' (partially modelled on Ida) published in 'London Mercury' May 1921
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
During her stay at Menton, Katherine was blackmailed by Floryan who threatened to reveal their love letters from 1909
As ransom, she arranged for £40 to be paid to him & the letters to be burnt by Murry, sight unseen
Alexander Turnbull Library
On 2 Dec 1920, Katherine's book of short stories, 'Bliss and other stories', was published by Constable & Co Ltd, London
(Murry had negotiated publication with Constable & Katherine received an advance of £40 which she used to pay Floryan)
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
Katherine moved from Menton to Switzerland, May 1921 - Jan 1922
Katherine kept seeing Dr Bouchage in Menton during April 1921 (Image: Medical report: Sept 1920 to end of April 1921)
Medical report also refers to diagnosis by Dr Victor Sorapure in London (1919) to whom Anne Rice introduced her
Alexander Turnbull Library
In May 1921, Katherine went to Montreaux, Switzerland with Ida to find a cure, & Murry went to Oxford as guest speaker
He'd been invited to deliver 6 lectures at School of English Literature, later published in 'The Problem of Style', 1922
Auckland Libraries
In June, Katherine & ida went to Sierre to see specialist Dr Spahlinger; Murry joined them & Dorothy Brett visited
Image: Katherine (centre) with Ida Baker (on right) & painter Dorothy Brett at Sierre, 1921)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Dr Spahlinger recommended Katherine have a series of serum injections & fresh air treatment
He proposed renting his mother's Chalet des Sapins sited in forest of pine trees. (Image: Dorothy & Katherine at Sierre)
Alexander Turnbull Library
At end of June, Katherine & Murry moved to Chalet des Sapins & Ada lodged in the village & began working at a clinic
The 3-storey Chalet was surrounded by trees & Katherine chose the top room with a balcony. (Image: Katherine & Dorothy)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine began her medical treatment at the Chalet & wrote stories on the balcony which had a view over the tree tops
Nearby lived a cousn of Katherine's father - novelist Elizabeth who'd remarried. (Image: Oct-Nov 1921: Notebook)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine's completed stories included 'At the Bay' & 'The Garden Party', & she began 'The doll's house'
To help pay medical bills, she also wrote 6 stories for the 'Sphere' for a commission of 10 guineas each from editor
Victoria University of Wellington
Jan-Feb 1922: 'At the Bay' & 'The Garden Party' were published & also included in 'The garden party and other stories'
Katherine's mother was guised as the distant mother in 'At the Bay' & more sympathetically in 'The Garden Party'
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
On 18 Jan 1922, Katherine sent a postcard with her photo to "Anne Estelle Drey" (usually wrote "Anne Estelle Rice")
(Anne had continued to use her maiden name professionally "Anne Estelle Rice" until her death in 1959)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine went to Paris for medical treatment, 30 Jan - 3 June 1922
On 30 Jan 1922, Katherine & Ida went to Paris to see Russian doctor Ivan Manoukhim who advised X-ray radiation for TB
(On hearing of Manoukhim's new cure for TB, Katherine had written to Koteliansky in Oct for information about him.)
Victoria University of Wellington
Katherine stayed at the Victoria Palace Hotel; Murry began visiting from London & Ida returned to Switzerland
(Image: Jan-Feb, Sep-Oct 1922: Diary entries)
Alexander Turnbull Library
In her letters, Katherine described the X-ray radiation treatment from Dr Manoukhim & that her health didn't improve
Victoria University of Wellington
During Feb 1922, Katherine wrote the story 'The fly' about the death of a soldier in WWII
It was published in 'The Nation and Athenaeum' on 18 March 1922 & in 'The Doves' Nest and Other Stories' in 1923
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Katherine stayed for 4 months at the Victoria Palace Hotel during which she met James Joyce & they dined at the Hotel
Murry joined them during visits from London & they also dined with others including Sydney Schiff, a literary patron
Victoria University of Wellington
She kept corresponding with her father Harold who planned to visit US, Canada & UK with his wife Laura from April-Oct
(He retired as BNZ Chairman on 31 March; retained his seat as a director; & met with financiers during his trip)
Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
Katherine & Murry went to Switzerland (4 June-16 Aug 1922); then returned to London
4 June-15 Aug 1922: Katherine & Murry holidayed in Switzerland at Randogne & then Sierre; & asked Ida to join them
Ida's role of 'housekeeper' also aided Murry who'd hurt ligaments in his foot. (Image: At Sierre, July 1922)
Alexander Turnbull Library
They stayed at the Hotel d'Angleterre; then Katherine & Ida moved down to the warmer valley & Murry visited on weekends
In early July at Chateau Belle Vue, she wrote her last story 'The Canary' & Dorothy Brett visited for a week from London
Victoria University of Wellington
On 14 Aug 1922, an unwell Katherine contacted Dorothy Brett to stay with her in London whilst she saw Dr Sorapura
Katherine, Ida & Murry went together to London but Katherine & Murry continued to live apart
Victoria University of Wellington
On 18 Aug, Katherine saw Dr Sorapura about her heart & he advised it wasn't diseased & her left lung was affecting her
(Image: Katherine wrote to her friend Violet Schiff about her bleak impressions of London compared with Paris, 21 Aug)
Victoria University of Wellington
On 21 Aug, Katherine's father Harold & her sisters Chaddie & Jeanne visited. (He'd planned to see her at Sierre.)
Jeanne had become engaged to Cpt. Charles Renshaw earlier in August, which was reported in Evening Post on 14 Oct
National Library of New Zealand
Katherine began seeking spiritual healing in Oct 1922
In Sept 1922, Katherine met up with Alfred Orage & he introduced her to Russian writer P.D. Ouspensky
(Image: Sep 1921 - Oct 1922: Notebook includes prose & first conversation of renewed contact with Orage)
Alexander Turnbull Library
During Sept 1922, she attended lectures by Ouspensky who'd become an advocate of spiritual teacher George Gurdjieff
After meeting in Moscow in 1915, Ouspensky began lecturing in London in 1920s, & newspapers began reporting on Gurdjieff
National Library of New Zealand
On 2 Oct, Katherine (accompanied by Ida) went to Paris to see Dr Manoukhim for 2 weeks of X-ray radiation treatment
(Meanwhile, Murry had affair with Dorothy who became pregnant & he arranged an abortion but she miscarried beforehand)
Victoria University of Wellington
Still unwell, Katherine decided to go Gurdjieff's 'Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man' at Fontainebleau
She'd previously found out from Ouspensky that the Institute had opened earlier that year & focused on spiritual growth
Victoria University of Wellington
On 14 Oct, Katherine & Ida met Dr. James Young (pupil of Gurdjieff); then Katherine stayed at the Institute from 17 Oct
Katherine wrote to Murry & others; & was nursed by Olgivanna who later wrote an article in 'The Bookman', March 1931
Alexander Turnbull Library
Meanwhile, on 17 Oct 1922, Katherine's sister Jeanne married Cpt. Charles Renshaw in London
Evening Post reported Jeanne was given away by Harold Beauchamp (her uncie). (Her father left London on 15 Sept for NZ)
National Library of New Zealand
6. Katherine died in France on 9 January 1923 aged 34
On 9 Jan 1923, Murry arrived at the Institute at the invite of Katherine to stay a week & celebrate Russian New Year
They spent the afternoon together; then watched the display of exercises set to music until 10pm when left for her room
Alexander Turnbull Library
After 10pm when going upstairs, Katherine began coughing & had a lung haemorrhage & said "I believe...I'm going to die"
Two doctors at the Institute were called but she died soon after at 10.30pm. Her death was reported by NZ newspapers.
National Library of New Zealand
On 12 Jan 1923, Katherine's funeral was held in the Protestant Church at Fontainebleau
Her sisters Jeanne & Chaddie, Murry, Ida, Dorothy, & Gurdjieff & staff attended. Her funeral was reported by NZ media.
National Library of New Zealand
Murry shared information about Katherine & her burial at the Avon cemetery
The information was reported in the 'New York Literary Review' (See: Evening Post (5 May 1923)
National Library of New Zealand
Embroidered Chinese silk shawl given to Katherine by Lady Ottoline Morrell in 1917 was draped over the coffin
(Katherine had bequeathed the shawl to Anne Estelle Rice who later donated it to the Alexander Turnbull Library in 1951)
Alexander Turnbull Library
Gurdieff's philosophies and influence on Katherine and others were speculated on by newsmedia
Later, James Morre wrote 'Gurdjieff and Mansfield’ (Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd, 1980)
National Library of New Zealand
British media reflected on Katherine's writings which were recounted in the Evening Post (10 March 1923)
(Note: Katherine's age of passing was misreported in the article as 33 years when she had turned 34 on 14 October 1922)
National Library of New Zealand
Katherine's casket was later moved to paupers' plot at the Avon cemetery after Murry forgot to pay the funeral's costs
(The inscription on her headstone on the initial grave site was shared by the Evening Post - 27 Sept 1924)
National Library of New Zealand
Katherine's Will dated 9 Jan 1923 & certified 5 Apr 1923. Murry was appointed as the executor of her estate.
Alexander Turnbull Library
Small brass pig penwiper left in her will to her father who'd given it to her
The pig was passed onto Katherine's sister Mrs Vera McIntosh Bell of Canada, then to her nephew Andrew Bell
Alexander Turnbull Library
Small wooden box left in her will to Ukrainian Samuel Koteliansky who translated Russian literature into English
He had arrived in London in 1910 & befriended D.H. Lawrence, Virginia & Leonard Woolf, & Katherine & her husband
Alexander Turnbull Library
One of the 'Italian toilet boxes' that Katherine left to Koteliansky in her will
Alexander Turnbull Library
Murry began publishing Katherine's works
Katherine had instructed Murry to destroy most of her manuscripts, notebooks, papers & letters, which he ignored
She had said, "I desire to leave as few traces of my camping ground as possible" – but he published most of her writings
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
In June 1923, Murry launched 'The Adelphi' (Vol 1, No. 1) with stories, poems & essays from writers including Katherine
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Murry employed Ida to type Katherine's manuscripts for £10 a month, & he arranged the publication of Katherine's works
He published: "The Doves' Nest" (1923), "Something Childish" (1924), Journals (1927-), Letters (1928) & Scrapbook (1939)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Happenings with Katherine's family and friends
In 1923, Katherine's father Harold Beauchamp was made a Knight's Bachelor in the New Year Honours
He sold his firm to T. & W. Young for £150,000 & helped raise funds to establish National Art Gallery & Dominion Museum
Auckland Libraries
On 21 May 1923, Harold's daughter Jeanne & husband Charles Renshaw arrived from London to visit until end of Dec
Later on 1 May 1924, Jeanne gave birth to a daughter at 'Woodhay' house in Lyndhurst, Hampshire
National Library of New Zealand
On 11 Oct 1923, Katherine's widowed sister Chaddie (Charlotte) married Cecil Pickthall (b.1891) at Knightsbridge
After their honeymoon, they planned to settle at Chelsea where they'd bought a house
National Library of New Zealand
In 1924, Arnold Trowell became Professor of Cello at the Guildhall School of Music, London
He was on the staff of the Royal College of Music from 1937
SOUNZ
In 1928, Murry's publishing of Katherine's letters created media interest
National Library of New Zealand
In 1929, Katherine's cousin Lulu Dyer received special service medal from Navy League presented by PM, Sir Joseph Ward
National Library of New Zealand
In 1929, on learning Katherine's casket was moved to the pauper's plot, Harold arranged for it's return to initial site
A headstone was erected that still stands today at the Avon Cemetery near Fontainebleau, France
Alexander Turnbull Library
1933: Katherine Mansfield Memorial opened on Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington
In 1932, Katherine's father had expressed a desire for a memorial to be erected as small building for a tramway shelter
Alexander Turnbull Library
The Memorial was designed by architect William Gray Young & constructed by H. G. Field & Co
Katherine's father had accepted the tender by H.G. Field & Co in Feb 1933 & construction began soon after
Alexander Turnbull Library
Garden seat at Katherine Mansfield Memorial Garden
Alexander Turnbull Library
1933: At Karori School's 76th birthday, a bird bath was unveiled in memory of Katherine by her father
National Library of New Zealand
1933: "The Life of Katherine Mansfield" was written by Katherine's husband J.M. Murry & Ruth Mantz
Murry also published his autobiography "Between two worlds" in 1935
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1936: "Katherine Mansfield - A Critical Essay" by Arthur Sewell & published by Unicorn Press
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1938: Sir Harold Beauchamp's death on 5 October at 88 Hobson St, Wellington was reported in newspapers
He was survived by his second wife Laura (who later died in 1941) & his 3 daughters: Vera, Charlotte (Chaddie) & Jeanne
Auckland Libraries
Further tributes to Katherine over the decades include the following
On 9 Jan 1939, a civic ceremony was held at Fontainebleau to commemorate Katherine's passing & NZ sent a wreath
Baron Peter Soren had notified NZ High Commissioner who sent wreath inscribed: "New Zealand Honours Her Great Daughter'
National Library of New Zealand
A memorial plaque was unveiled at Fountainebleau; & footpaths, crossroads & a rock were named after her
Attendees included reps from British Ambassador, the French Academy, & New Zealand High Commissioner
National Library of New Zealand
1942: "Daughter of time: The life of Katherine Mansfield in novel form" by Nelia Gardner White
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1944: "Katherine Mansfield: A biography" by Isabel C. Clarke
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1948: 'Mansfieldiana: A brief Katherine Mansfield bibliography" compiled by G. N. Morris
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1950: "The loneliness of Katherine Mansfield" by P. A. Lawlor
In 1951, Sylvia Berkman, "Katherine Mansfield: A Critical Study" published for Wellesley College by Yale Univ Press
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1954: "Katherine Mansfield: A biography" by Anthony Alpers
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
On 13 March 1957, Katherine's second husband John Middleton Murry passed away in Suffolk aged 67
He'd remarried 3 times; worked as a journalist & wrote books, essays & reviews; & became a Marxist & then a pacifist
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
In 1962, Katherine's 3 surviving sisters Vera, Chaddie (Charlotte) & Jeanne were interviewed for NZBC Archives
Owen Leeming interviewed them in London about the Beauchamp family & Katherine (1 hr & 6:31 mins)
Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision
14 March - 4 April 1966: Katherine Mansfield Exhibition held at the New Zealand Embassy (France) in Paris
The Alexander Turnbull Library had organised the exhibition in Paris, followed by London, New York & Washington
Alexander Turnbull Library
1966: Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: "Katherine Mansfield" by Gillian Boddy (republished in Te Ara)
Gillian Boddy later wrote: "Katherine Mansfield: The Woman and the Writer" (Penguin., 1988)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1968: "Katherine Mansfield" by Heather Curnow
Written as part of the New Zealand Profiles series of critical studies of New Zealanders
University of Otago
In 1969, Memorial to Katherine Mansfield opened in Wellington as a replacement for the Memorial erected in 1933
Due to the Wellington motorway construction, the original Memorial was placed nearby in the new Katherine Mansfield Park
Wellington City Libraries
The Memorial is a pergola-like structure which includes bricks & seating, replicating original Memorial's design
Seating was built from beams salvaged from original Memorial, & the original plaque is sited nearby with a new plaque
Wellington City Council Archives
Since 1970, the Katherine Mansfield Mention Fellowship has been awarded annually
The award gives funding to live & work at Menton for 3 months or more & access to a writing room at Villa Isola Bella
National Library of New Zealand
1971: Bronze medal to promote Menton & celebrate Mansfield's connection with Menton
Verso has a picture of Merton & the words ‘Menton, c’est un Paradis d’une aube à l’autre’
Alexander Turnbull Library
In 1971, Ida Baker published "Katherine Mansfield, the Memories of LM" which covers from Queen's College onwards
(Image of Ida in 1971.) Since 1942, Ida had lived at a cottage at Woodgreen, a village in the New Forest
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
Since 1972, Katherine's Corona 3 typewriter held by Alexander Turnbull Library after being donated by Ida Baker in 1971
Ida gave it to Margaret Scott (Katherine Mansfield Fellowship scholar & ATU Manuscript Libn visiting England) to deposit
Alexander Turnbull Library
1972: "Leading ladies: twenty-three outstanding women" by Jane Wordsworth includes Katherine Mansfield
Howick Historical Village
TVNZ (Feb 1972): Margaret Scott spoke on discovering 2 manuscripts including "Brave love" held by Ida Baker (3:09 mins)
'Brave love' was later published in Landfall in 1972. Margaret wrote ‘Recollecting Mansfield’ (Random House. 2001)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
c.1972-1979: Poster by Danna Mary Glendining for Broadsheet Collective
"Behind every great woman ... is a man who tried to stop her." Katherine Mansfield
Alexander Turnbull Library
1973: Film "Katherine Mansfield's Dolls House - In the author's own words"
It’s set in Days Bay, Wellington in early 1900s & uses Katherine's own words as the narration
Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision
1975: "Winners & Losers: The woman at the store" - a short film adaptation of Katherine's short story (27:12 min)
NZ On Screen
13 May 1976: Interviews with Katherine's brother-in-law Richard Murry, sister Jeanne Renshaw, & Ida Baker (57:49 mins)
(Katherine's sisters Charlotte (Chaddie) had died in 1966 & Vera in 1974.) Jeanne later died in 1989 & Ida in 1978.
Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision
1978: "The case of Katherine Mansfield" - a play by NZ actor & writer Catherine Downes was 1st performed in Holland
In 1980s, the solo play was toured in NZ (see poster), & has been held in other countries, as well as in NZ again
Victoria University of Wellington
1983: "The Garden Party" - a short film based on Katherine's short story (24:48 mins)
Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision
1985: NZ film "Leave All Fair" on John Middleton Murry following Katherine's death & is set in France in 1956
The film includes flashbacks to Katherine & Murry deciding to publish her works
NZ On Screen
1986: Documentary "A Portrait of Katherine Mansfield" by Julienne Stretton (52 mins)
Includes Ida Baker & Claire Tomalin who compiled "Short stories" (1983) & "Katherine Mansfield: A Secret Life" (1988)
NZ On Screen
1988: "Letters between Katherine Mansfield and John Middleton Murry" edited by Cherry A Hankin
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
14 Oct 1988: The Katherine Mansfield House and Garden was officially opened on the centennial of her birth
The Katherine Mansfield Birthplace Society was formed in 1986 to purchase & restore the house & garden
National Library of New Zealand
During centennial year of Katherine's birth, various events were held in NZ & overseas, including Japan & China
By 1988, collections of stories had been translated in 28 languages, increasing her popularity. (Image: Japanese)
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1989: Katherine was one of four NZ writers commemorated on NZ stamps
Featured Katherine Mansfield, James K. Baxter, Bruce Mason, & Ngaio Marsh
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1989: A diary celebrating the 100th Anniversary of Katherine Mansfield's birth in NZ
In 1989, "A bibliography of Katherine Mansfield" (Oxford) was also compiled by B. J. (Brownlee Jean) Kirkpatrick
Charlotte Museum
1989: Bronze bust Katherine Mansfield depicted holding a book, sculpted by Terry Stringer
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1989: "The fine instrument: Essays on Katherine Mansfield" edited by Paulette Michel & Michel Dupuis
Katherine Mansfield House and Garden
1991: "Katherine Mansfield" by Kevin Boon published as part of "People in New Zealand history" series
The paperback book (16 pages) aimed at 9yr-13yr old students has also been digitised
National Library of New Zealand
During March 1999, Alexander Turnbull Library held "A meeting of cultures" exhibition on French views of NZ & Katherine
Included was this image painted in 1930 from a photograph of 1913, commissioned by sister Vera for their father
Alexander Turnbull Library
2007: Article "Katherine Mansfield, 1888-1923" Kotare (V.7, No 1, pp.63-98) by Joanna Woods
Woods also wrote the book "Katerina: The Russian World of Katherine Mansfield" (Auckland, N.Z.: Penguin) in 2001
Victoria University of Wellington
2008: "The Material Mansfield: Traces of a Writer's Life" by Laurel Harris; Mary Morris; & Joanna Woods
(RNZ interview (11 May 2008) on the book's contents based on an exhibition of Katherine's possessions)
Radio New Zealand
In Dec 2008, the Katherine Mansfield Society was formed as an international organization & registered as a charity in NZ
It aims "to promote and encourage the worldwide study & enjoyment of Katherine Mansfield’s writing"
National Library of New Zealand
13 June 2010: RNZ Arts on Sunday: A Play "On the Rocks" by Amy Rosenthal (9:04 mins)
Play about Katherine, John Middleton Murry, and D H Lawrence and his wife Frieda written in 2008
Radio New Zealand
2010: "Katherine Mansfield - The Story-Teller" by Kathleen Jones
(RNZ interview (29 Aug 2010) with Kathleen Jones following the release of her book)
Radio New Zealand
2011: Telemovie "Bliss: The Beginning of Katherine Mansfield" portrays her early years pursuing writing career in London
NZ On Screen
In 2013, the poem 'Limbo' written in 1911 was discovered amongst Katherine's papers archived at National Library of NZ
Published in Katherine Mansfield Society's newsletter (Aug 2014) & "The Collected Poems of Katherine Mansfield" (2016)
Alexander Turnbull Library
2012: RNZ interview on Mansfield artefacts held by the Alexander Turnbull Library
Radio New Zealand
2013: 'Sumurun' story found by Dr Gerri Kimber amongst papers from J.M. Murry acquired by Alexander Turnbull Library
'Sumurun: an impression of Leopoldine Konstantin' was possibly written after seeing the play 'Sumurun' in London in 1911
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
2016: TV3 Newshub: Great War Stories, Series 3: Leslie Beauchamp (4:14 mins)
Leslie's growing up in Wellington & serving durign WWI through the words of Katherine in her letters, fiction & poetry
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
2013: Stainless steel figurative sculpture 'Woman of Words' by Virginia King at Midland Park, Lambton Quay
Sculpture is laser cut with quotations from Katherine’s works & is illuminated at night. (Image shows head & shoulders)
Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage
2017: "A strange beautiful excitement: Katherine Mansfield's Wellington, 1888-1903" by Redmer Yska
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
In 2017, a proposal to repatriate Katherine's remains did not eventuate as her family & Mayor of Avon objected
The Katherine Mansfield Birthplace Society & Mayor of Wellington had proposed her remains be returned to Wellington
Radio New Zealand
2018: Mansfield Garden opened at Hamilton Gardens
Hamilton City Libraries
2017: "Luminescent" by Nina Powles is a collection of poems about NZ women including Katherine ('Sunflowers')
The book is a box set of five chapbooks
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
2018: "Mansfield and me: A graphic memoir" by Sarah Laing
(RNZ interview (30 Sept 2016) with Sarah Laing whose book has inspired an exhibition at KM Garden & House later in Oct)
Radio New Zealand
2018: "Katherine Mansfield – Our Wāhine illustrated history" has links to articles about Katherine & her works
Our Wāhine
15 Jan 2020: RNZ interview with Nicola Saker - editor of "The Katherine Mansfield cookbook" (13:34 min)
Features recipes, menus, & descriptions of kitchens & food from Katherine's writings
Radio New Zealand
1 Nov 2020: To celebrate 50 years of Katherine Mansfield Menton Fellowship, 5 writers read their letters to Katherine
Writers - Bill Manhire, Carl Nixon, Fiona Farrell, Vincent O'Sullivan & Paula Morris - were at WORD Christchurch 2020
Radio New Zealand
2 Dec 2020: RNZ interview with Francesco van Eerd who created a new scent named after Katherine's story 'Bliss'
The 'literary scent' was created for the centenary of the publication of her third collection of short stories
Radio New Zealand
Oct 2021: To celebrate Katherine's birthday, the book "A woman in love: Katherine Mansfield's love letters'' published
Edited by Nicola Saker (President of Katherine Mansfield Birthplace) & published by Katherine Mansfield House & Garden
Radio New Zealand
In Jan 2023, 100th Anniversary commemorative events were held
Events were held at the Katherine Mansfield House and Garden to mark anniversary of her death & to honour her legacy
Radio New Zealand
2023: Book "Katherine Mansfield’s Europe: Station to Station" by Redmer Yska published by Otago University Press
(Article in Landfall reviews the book)
Landfall
In Feb 2023, Charlotte Yates released her concept LP 'Mansfield' & performed at the Hamilton Arts Festival
(RNZ (24 Feb 2023): Yates talked about her music using Katherine's poetry & forthcoming show in the Mansfield Garden
Radio New Zealand
2023: Book "All Sorts of Lives: Katherine Mansfield and the Art of Risking Everything" by Claire Harman
The Spinoff
On 17 Sept 2023, concert commemorating Katherine held in Dunedin which was filmed: "Child of the Sun"
Concert was held as part of International KM100NZ Festival at the Marama Hall, University Of Otago
Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision
In March 2025: RNZ featured its 8-part documentary "Shine on Katherine Mansfield"
RNZ featured those "who are inspired by her writing, her short stories, and her tempestuous life".
Radio New Zealand
Find out more:
Gillian Boddy. 'Mansfield, Katherine', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1996. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand
Joanna Woods (2007), "Katherine Mansfield, 1888–1923", Kōtare (7, no. 1; pp.63–98)
Katherine Mansfield Society - Timeline/Bibliography
Olgivanna (March 1931), "The Last Days of Katherine Mansfield", The Bookman.
Spartacus Educational: John Middleton Murry
Also see "Katherine Mansfield Research Guide" on material held by National Library of NZ & Alexander Turnbull Library
Katherine Mansfield research guide
Services to Schools
This DigitalNZ story was compiled in December 2025
























































































































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